Gambaran Hasil Pemeriksaan HBsAg Metode Rapid Test pada Ibu Hamil di RSI Darus Syifa’ Surabaya

Pemeriksaan hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) merupakan antigen permukaan virus hepatitis B yang menjadi penanda utama keberadaan virus dalam darah dan menunjukkan adanya infeksi, baik akut maupun kronis. Pemeriksaan HbsAg yang dilakukan di RSI Darus Syifa' Surabaya menggunakan metode rapid test imunokromatografi, yaitu uji serologi sederhana dan cepat yang mendeteksi antigen HBsAg melalui reaksi antigen-antibodi. Metode ini dipilih karena prosedumya sederhana, tidak memerlukan peralatan canggih, dan biaya terjangkau, sehingga sesuai untuk skrining rutin pelayanan antenatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran hasil pemeriksaan HBsAg pada ibu hamil di RSI Darus Syifa Surabaya. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan data sekunder dari rekam medis laboratorium periode JanuariJuli 2025. Total sampel sebanyak 65 ibu hamil dipilih dengan teknik total sampling. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi hasil pemeriksaan HBsAg, kelompok umur, dan usia kehamilan. Data disajikan secara deskriptif dalam bentuk tabel dan diagram. Dari 65 ibu hamil, 64 (98,46%) menunjukkan hasil HBsAg non-reaktif dan 1 (1,54%) reaktif. Distribusi usia terbanyak pada kelompok 2629 tahun (35,38%), sedangkan berdasarkan usia kehamilan terbanyak pada Trimester II (43,08%). Temuan ini menunjukkan prevalensi infeksi hepatitis B pada ibu hamil relatif rendah di lokasi penelitian. Namun, adanya satu kasus reaktif tetap signifikan karena berisiko menimbulkan transmisi vertikal yang berdampak pada infeksi kronis pada bayi. Oleh karena itu, skrining rutin HBsAg pada ibu hamil sangat penting sebagai upaya pencegahan seperti pemberian vaksin hepatitis B pada bayi dalam 12 jam setelah lahir, serta edukasi dan pemantauan kesehatan ibu untuk mencegah penularan lebih lanjut.

===========================================================================================

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing is a test for the hepatitis B virus surface antigen, which is the main marker for the presence of the virus in the blood and indicates the presence of infection, whether acute or chronic. HBsAg testing conducted at RSI Darus Syifa' Surabaya uses the immunochromatography rapid test method, which is a simple and rapid serological test that detects the HBsAg antigen through an antigen-antibody reaction. This method was chosen because the procedure is simple, does not require sophisticated equipment, and is affordable, making it suitable for routine antenatal screening. This study aimed to determine the results of HBsAg testing in pregnant women at RSI Darus Syifa Surabaya. The study design used a quantitative descriptive method with secondary data from laboratory medical records from January to July 2025. A total of 65 pregnant women were selected using total sampling technique. The variables analyzed included HBsAg test results, age group, and gestational age. Data were presented descriptively in tables and diagrams. Of the 65 pregnant women, 64 (98.46%) showed non-reactive HBsAg results and 1 (1.54%) showed reactive results. The highest age distribution was in the 26-29 age group (35.38%), while based on gestational age, the highest was in the second trimester (43.08%). These findings indicate that the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in pregnant women is relatively low in the study location. However, the presence of one reactive case remains significant because it risks vertical transmission, which can lead to chronic infection in infants. Therefore, routine HBsAg screening in pregnant women is crucial as a preventive measure, such as administering the hepatitis B vaccine to infants within
12 hours ofbirth, along with education and health monitoring of mothers to prevent further transmission.