Studi Penggunaan Obat Antituberkulosis pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Dewasa (Penelitian Dilakukan di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Bhakti Dharma Husada Surabaya)

Pada penderita tuberkulosis paru, keberhasilan pengobatan TB dipengaruhi oleh ketepatan penggunaan OAT sesuai pedoman nasional dengan regimen 2RHZE/4RH yang diberikan dalam bentuk KDT atau obat lepasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan studi penggunaan OAT pada pasien TB paru dewasa di instalasi rawat jalan RSUD Bhakti Dharma Husada tahun 2024–2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif non-eksperimental dengan pendekatan retrospektif melalui data rekam medis. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 477 pasien TB paru, dengan sampel sebanyak 81 pasien yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki (51%) dan perempuan (49%). Kelompok usia terbanyak adalah 46–55 tahun (28%). Gejala klinis yang paling sering ditemukan yaitu batuk (88%) dan sesak napas (77%). Komorbid terbanyak yaitu DM (54%), sebagian besar pasien mendapatkan terapi KDT (84%), sedangkan obat lepasan sebesar (16%). Interaksi obat kategori moderate paling banyak ditemukan (46%), efek samping yang paling sering terjadi adalah nyeri (73%) dan anoreksia (56%) akibat kombinasi isoniazid–pirazinamid. Kesimpulannya penggunaan OAT pada pasien TB paru dewasa di rumah sakit tersebut umumnya telah sesuai dengan regimen terapi standar, meskipun masih ditemukan efek samping dan potensi interaksi obat.

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In patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the success of TB treatment is influenced by the accuracy of OAT use in accordance with national guidelines, with a 2RHZE/4RH regimen administered in the form of FDC or sustained-release medication. This study aims to describe the profile of OAT use in adult pulmonary TB patients at the outpatient facility of RSUD (Regional Public Hospital) Bhakti Dharma Husada in 2024–2025. This study used a non-experimental descriptive design with a retrospective approach through medical record data. The study population consisted of 477 patients with pulmonary TB, with a sample of 81 patients selected using purposive sampling according to the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the majority of patients were male (51%) and female (49%). The largest age group was 46–55 years (28%). The most common clinical symptoms were cough (88%) and shortness of breath (77%). The most common comorbidity was DM (54%), with most patients receiving FDC therapy (84%) and (16%) receiving medication. Moderate drug interactions were most commonly found (46%), with the most frequent side effects being pain (73%) and anorexia (56%) due to the combination of isoniazid and pyrazinamide. In conclusion, the use of OAT in adult pulmonary TB patients in the hospital was generally in accordance with the standard treatment regimen, although side effects and potential drug interactions were still found.