Hubungan antara Kadar Kolesterol LDL dengan Kejadian Ulkus Diabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Soeroto Ngawi

Pendahuluan : Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi makrovaskular seperti kejadian ulkus diabetik yang dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL, akan tetapi penelitian di Indonesia masih terbatas. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar kolesterol LDL dengan kejadian ulkus diabetik pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD Soeroto Ngawi. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan kuantitatif dengan desain observasional analitik melalui pendekatan case control. Sampel Penelitian berjumlah 70 pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang terdiri dari 35 pasien mengalami kejadian komplikasi ulkus diabetik dan 35 pasien tidak mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik di RSUD Soeroto Ngawi yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui rekam medis dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil : Dari 70 sampel 50 % mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik dan 50 % tidak mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik dengan rata rata LDL pada pasien dengan kejadian ulkus diabetik 95,45 mg/dl standar deviasi 32,59 sedangkan tanpa kejadian ulkus diabetik rata rata kolesterol LDL 123,11 mg/dl standar deviasi 35,16. Korelasi yang di dapatkan yaitu hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar kolesterol LDL dengan kejadian ulkus diabetik p-value = 0,025 (p < 0,05) dan nilai odds ratio (OR = 0,314) memiliki makna bahwa responden dengan kadar kolesterol LDL tinggi memiliki 0,3 kali peluang mengalami kejadian ulkus, atau 70% lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kadar kolesterol LDL tinggi. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar kolesterol LDL dengan kejadian ulkus diabetik, sehingga kadar LDL memiliki keterkaitan dengan munculnya ulkus diabetik pada pasien.

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Introduction : Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that can cause macrovascular complications such as the occurrence of diabetic ulcers which are affected by increased LDL cholesterol levels, but research in Indonesia is still limited. Objective : This study aims to determine the relationship between LDL cholesterol levels and the incidence of diabetic ulcers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Soeroto Ngawi Hospital. Method : This study is a quantitative research with an analytical observational design through a case control approach. The research sample amounted to 70 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consisting of 35 patients who experienced complications of diabetic ulcers and 35 patients who did not experience the incidence of diabetic ulcers at Soeroto Ngawi Hospital who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The data was collected through medical records and analyzed using the chi-square test. Results : Of the 70 samples, 50% experienced the incidence of diabetic ulcers and 50% did not experience the incidence of diabetic ulcers with an average LDL in patients with an incidence of diabetic ulcers of 95 mg/dl and without the incidence of diabetic ulcers with an average LDL cholesterol of 123 mg/dl by showing a significant relationship between LDL cholesterol levels and the incidence of diabetic ulcers p-value = 0.025 (< 0.05) and odds ratio values (OR = 0.314) which means that respondents with high LDL cholesterol levels have a 0.3 times chance of having an ulcer, or 70% lower than those with high LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion : Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between LDL cholesterol levels and the incidence of diabetic ulcers, so that LDL levels are related to the appearance of diabetic ulcers in patients.