Hubungan antara Pneumonia dengan Peningkatan Kadar Enzim Aminotransferase di Rumah Sakit Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang

Latar belakang : Pneumonia merupakan infeksi akut pada parenkim paru yang masih menjadi ancaman bagi kesehatan dunia dengan angka kejadian yang tinggi. Respons inflamasi sistemik pada pneumonia tidak hanya berdampak pada paru, tetapi juga dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi organ lain, termasuk hati. Kerusakan hati dapat ditandai dengan peningkatan enzim aminotransferase, yaitu ALT dan AST. Tujuan : Menganalisis hubungan antara jenis pneumonia dengan peningkatan kadar enzim aminotransferase di RS Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional dan teknik total sampling menggunakan data rekam medis pasien pneumonia di RS Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang periode 2023-2025. Sebanyak 38 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi ditetapkan sebagai sampel penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Fisher–Freeman–Halton. Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara jenis pneumonia dengan peningkatan kadar enzim aminotransferase, yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan kadar ALT (p= 0,001) dan AST (p= 0,007). Peningkatan kadar ALT ditemukan pada 11 pasien (28,9%) dan AST pada 8 pasien (21,1%), sedangkan sebagian besar pasien memiliki kadar enzim aminotransferase dalam batas normal. Proporsi peningkatan kadar enzim aminotransferase tertinggi didapatkan pada VAP diikuti HAP dan CAP. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara jenis pneumonia dengan peningkatan kadar enzim aminotransferase di RS Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang.

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Background: Pneumonia is an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma that remains a global health with a high incidence. The systemic inflammatory response associated with pneumonia not only affects the lungs but can also lead to dysfunction of other organs, including the liver. Liver injury can be identified by elevated levels of aminotransferase enzymes, specifically alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between the type of pneumonia and elevated aminotransferase enzyme levels at Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Sepanjang Hospital. Methods: This study is an observasional analitic with a cross-sectional design and a total sampling technique based on medical record data of pneumonia patients at Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Sepanjang Hospital covering the period from 2023 to 2025. A total of 38 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Data were analyzed using the Fisher–Freeman–Halton test. Results: A statistically significant association was observed between the type of pneumonia and elevated aminotransferase enzyme levels, as demonstrated by elevated ALT (p = 0.001) and AST (p = 0.007) levels. Elevated ALT levels were observeded in 11 patients (28.9%), and elevated AST levels in 8 patients (21.1%), while the majority of patients maintained aminotransferase levels within the normal reference range. The highest proportion of aminotransferase elevation was observed in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), followed by hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant association between the type of pneumonia and elevated serum aminotransferase levels at Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Sepanjang Hospital.