Hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kejadian Sindrom Terowongan Karpal pada Civitas Akademik di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Sindrom Terowongan Karpal (STK) adalah gangguan akibat kompresi saraf medianus di terowongan karpal, menimbulkan nyeri, kesemutan, dan kelemahan tangan. Sindrom terowongan karpal merupakan salah satu gangguan saraf tepi yang paling umum pada pekerja aktif. Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) yang tinggi, terutama pada obesitas, diduga berperan dalam timbulnya STK melalui penumpukan jaringan lemak di terowongan karpal dan peningkatan tekanan hidrostatik pada saraf medianus. Penelitian bersifat kuantitatif observasional dengan desain cross-sectional, dengan jumlah 62 responden yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. IMT dihitung dengan rumus berat badan (kg) dibagi tinggi badan (m²) kuadrat, sedangkan kejadian STK dinilai menggunakan Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) dan phalen's test. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi spearman dan uji Chi-Square. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas partisipan adalah perempuan (59,7%) dengan kelompok usia dominan 17-35 tahun (67,7%). Distribusi IMT menunjukkan mayoritas tergolong Obesitas I (32,3%) dan Obesitas II (29,0%). Uji korelasi spearman menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara IMT dan skor BCTQ (r = 0,298; p = 0,019), mengindikasikan hubungan positif dengan kekuatan lemah. Uji Chi-Square juga menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara IMT dan hasil Phalen's Test (p = 0,029). Analisis odds ratio menunjukkan partisipan dengan IMT overweight dan obesitas memiliki risiko 1,5 kali lebih tinggi mengalami STK dibandingkan partisipan dengan IMT normal dan underweight (OR = 1,500). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara IMT dan kejadian STK di lingkungan akademik Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya. Pada peningkatan IMT khususnya kategori obesitas dan berat badan berlebih berhubungan dengan peningkatan terjadinya STK.

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is caused by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, causing pain, tingling, and hand weakness, and is among the most common peripheral nerve disorders in active workers. A high Body Mass Index (BMI), especially in obesity, is thought to contribute to CTS through fatty tissue accumulation in the carpal tunnel and increased hydrostatic pressure on the median nerve. This study aimed to explore the relationship between BMI and CTS incidence among the academic community of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya. This quantitative observational study used a cross-sectional design with 62 respondents selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. BMI was calculated as body weight (kg) divided by height squared (m²), while CTS was assessed using the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) and Phalen's Test. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation and Chi-Square tests. Most participants were female (59.7%), with the dominant age group being 30–42 years (48.4%). BMI distribution showed most participants were classified as Obesity I (32.3%) and Obesity II (29.0%). Spearman's correlation showed a significant relationship between BMI and BCTQ scores (r = 0.298; p = 0.019), indicating a weak positive correlation. Chi-Square testing also showed a significant association between BMI and Phalen's Test results (p = 0.029). Odds ratio analysis showed overweight and obese participants had a 1.5 times higher risk of CTS than those with normal or underweight BMI (OR = 1.500). In conclusion, a significant relationship exists between BMI and CTS incidence within the academic environment of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, with higher BMI—particularly obesity—associated with increased likelihood of developing CTS.