Hubungan antara Kadar Serum Hepcidin dengan Indeks Eritrosit (MCV, MCH, MCHC) pada Pasien Talasemia Beta Mayor di RS Universitas Airlangga

Talasemia beta mayor merupakan kelainan genetik yang ditandai oleh gangguan sintesis rantai β-globin sehingga menyebabkan anemia kronis, eritropoiesis tidak efektif, dan kebutuhan transfusi darah berulang. Kondisi tersebut dapat mengganggu homeostasis besi tubuh yang salah satunya diatur oleh hormon hepcidin. Pada pasien talasemia beta mayor, kadar hepcidin sering mengalami penurunan meskipun terjadi kelebihan zat besi. Perubahan metabolisme besi dan eritropoiesis tersebut diduga dapat memengaruhi indeks eritrosit, yaitu Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), dan Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kadar serum hepcidin dengan indeks eritrosit (MCV, MCH, dan MCHC) pada pasien talasemia beta mayor di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 38 pasien talasemia beta mayor yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data diperoleh melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan laboratorium kadar serum hepcidin, serta pemeriksaan indeks eritrosit. Analisis normalitas dilakukan menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk dan hubungan antarvariabel dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden (100%) memiliki kadar serum hepcidin dalam kategori rendah (<15 ng/mL). Sebagian besar pasien memiliki nilai MCV rendah sebanyak 32 pasien (84,2%), nilai MCH rendah sebanyak 35 pasien (92,1%), dan nilai MCHC normal sebanyak 29 pasien (76,3%). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar serum hepcidin dengan MCV (r=0,069; p=0,681), MCH (r=0,101; p=0,545), maupun MCHC (r=0,061; p=0,717). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar serum hepcidin dengan indeks eritrosit (MCV, MCH, dan MCHC) pada pasien talasemia beta mayor di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga.

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Beta-thalassemia major is a genetic disorder characterized by impaired β-globin chain synthesis, resulting in chronic anemia, ineffective erythropoiesis, and the need for regular blood transfusions. These conditions may disrupt iron homeostasis, which is regulated in part by the hormone hepcidin. In patients with beta-thalassemia major, hepcidin levels are often decreased despite the presence of iron overload. Alterations in iron metabolism and erythropoiesis are suspected to affect erythrocyte indices, namely Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum hepcidin levels and erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, and MCHC) in patients with beta-thalassemia major at Airlangga University Hospital. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 38 patients with beta-thalassemia major who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were obtained through anamnesis, laboratory examination of serum hepcidin levels, and erythrocyte index measurements. Normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, while the relationship between variables was analyzed using Spearman correlation with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that all respondents (100%) had low serum hepcidin levels (<15 ng/mL). Most patients had low MCV values in 32 patients (84.2%), low MCH values in 35 patients (92.1%), and normal MCHC values in 29 patients (76.3%). Correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between serum hepcidin levels and MCV (r = 0.069; p = 0.681), MCH (r = 0.101; p = 0.545), or MCHC (r = 0.061; p = 0.717). In conclusion, there was no significant relationship between serum hepcidin levels and erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, and MCHC) in patients with beta-talasemia major at Airlangga University Hospital