Analisis Pengaruh Kombinasi RPM dan Tekanan Rubber Roll terhadap Hasil Pengupasan Padi pada Mesin Husker Tipe CAH-5000

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi kecepatan putar (RPM) dan tekanan rubber roll terhadap hasil pengupasan gabah pada mesin Rubber Roll Husker tipe CAH-5000. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan memvariasikan putaran poros utama 1050–1120 rpm serta tekanan rubber roll sebesar 1,0–1,7 kg/cm². Setiap percobaan menggunakan 100 kg gabah dengan parameter yang diamati meliputi Head Rice Yield, Broken Rice, gabah tidak terkupas, dan konsumsi energi spesifik. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekanan rubber roll berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas hasil pengupasan, sedangkan pengaruh RPM secara individual tidak signifikan. Namun interaksi antara RPM dan tekanan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap hasil pengupasan. Kombinasi terbaik diperoleh pada putaran 1120/920 rpm dengan tekanan 1,3 kg/cm² yang menghasilkan Head Rice Yield sebesar 65,0%, Broken Rice sebesar 8,5%, gabah tidak terkupas 5,0%, dan konsumsi energi spesifik sebesar 0,0188 kWh/kg. Kondisi ini memberikan keseimbangan terbaik antara efisiensi pengupasan dan kualitas beras sehingga dapat dijadikan rekomendasi pengaturan operasi mesin Husker tipe CAH-5000.

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This study aimed to analyze the effects of the combination of rotational speed (RPM) and roll pressure on husking performance of a CAH-5000 Rubber Roll Husker machine. It used an experimental method by varying the main shaft rotation speed from 1050 to 1120 rpm and rubber roll pressure from 1.0 to 1.7 kg/cm. Each experimental run used 100 kg of paddy, while the observed parameters included head rice yield, broken rice, unhulled grains, and specific energy consumption. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
The results showed that the pressure of the rubber roll had a significant effect on the quality of the peeling results, while the individual effect of RPM is not significant. However, the interaction between RPM and pressure significantly affects the peeling results. The best combination was obtained at a speed of 1120 rpm with a pressure of 1.3 kg/cm², resulting in a head rice yield of 65.0%, broken rice of 8.5%, unhulled rice of 5.0%, and a specific energy consumption of 0.0188 kWh/kg. This operating condition provided the best balance between husking efficiency and rice
quality and is therefore recommended as the optimal operating setting for the CAH-5000 Husker machine.