Perbandingan Parameter Mutu Ekstrak Hasil Maserasi dan Digesti Daun Seledri (Apium graveolens L.)

Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan parameter mutu ekstrak daun seledri (Apium graveolens L.) yang diperoleh melalui metode maserasi dan digesti tekanan rendah sebagai dasar penentuan metode ekstraksi yang efisien untuk bahan baku OHT. Sampel berasal dari Desa Ngroto, Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Simplisia memenuhi persyaratan FHI Edisi II Tahun 2017 dengan susut pengeringan 7,088%, kadar sari larut air (KSLA) 23,7067%, kadar sari larut etanol (KSLE) 14,0601%, kadar abu total 17,4930%, dan kadar abu tidak larut asam 2,5503%. Ekstraksi menggunakan etanol 70% menghasilkan rendemen 31,53% (digesti) dan 19,91% (maserasi). Parameter mutu ekstrak menunjukkan susut pengeringan 8,082% (digesti) dan 3,480% (maserasi). Kadar apigenin sebagai senyawa penanda sebesar 14,7% (digesti) dan 14,0% (maserasi), keduanya memenuhi standar FHI (≥11,76%). Namun, kadar abu total dan abu tidak larut asam belum memenuhi syarat. Uji cemaran mikroba menunjukkan hasil sesuai standar keamanan, kecuali pada nilai ALT ekstrak daun seledri metode maserasi melebihi batas yang ditetapkan. Secara keseluruhan, metode digesti lebih efisien dibandingkan maserasi ditinjau dari waktu, rendemen, dan mutu ekstrak, sehingga berpotensi lebih aplikatif dalam pengembangan bahan baku OHT.

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This study aims to compare the quality parameters of celery leaf extract (Apium graveolens L.) obtained through maceration and low-pressure digestion as a basis for determining an efficient extraction method for OHT raw materials. The samples were sourced from Ngroto Village, Pujon Subdistrict, Malang Regency. The crude drug met the requirements of FHI Edition II 2017 with a drying loss of 7.088%, water-soluble extract content (KSLA) of 23.7067%, ethanol-soluble extract content (KSLE) of 14.0601%, a total ash content of 17.4930%, and an acid-insoluble ash content of 2.5503%. Extraction using 70% ethanol yielded 31.53% (digestion) and 19.91% (maceration). The quality parameters of the extract showed a loss on drying of 8.082% (digestion) and 3.480% (maceration). The apigenin content, as a marker compound, was 14.7% (digestion) and 14.0% (maceration), both of which met the FHI standard (≥11.76%). However, the total ash and acid-insoluble ash contents did not meet the requirements. Microbial contamination tests showed results in accordance with safety standards, except that the ALT value of the macerated celery leaf extract exceeded the established limit. Overall, the digestion method is more efficient than maceration in terms of time, yield, and extract quality, making it potentially more applicable in the development of OHT raw materials.