Analisis Kelayakan Penerapan Konsep Transit Oriented Development (TOD) dalam Pengembangan Kawasan Perkotaan di Kawasan Wonokromo dan Sekitarnya, Surabaya

Analisis kelayakan penerapan TOD di Kawasan Wonokromo Surabaya perlu mempertimbangkan sejumlah faktor penting, antara lain: kondisi infrastruktur transportasi yang telah ada, pola pergerakan masyarakat, kepadatan dan fungsi lahan eksisting, kebijakan tata ruang, faktor sosial-ekonomi masyarakat, serta tantangan regulatif dan koordinatif antar pemangku kepentingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tingkat kelayakan kawasan Wonokromo Surabaya dan sekitarnya dalam menerapkan konsep Transit Oriented Development (TOD); serta menganalisa dan merumuskan strategi yang tepat untuk mengimplimentasikan konsep Transit Oriented Development (TOD) guna mendukung pengembangan kawasan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan di Wonokromo Surabaya dan sekitarnya. Metode riset yang dipakai yakni studi campuran melalui teknik analisis Kelayakan TOD yang meliputi Density, Diversity, Design, Destination accessibility, dan Distance to transit; serta menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan Wonokromo secara umum layak bersyarat untuk penerapan konsep TOD. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil analisis lima indikator utama TOD (5D) yang mengacu pada Permen ATR/BPN No.16 Tahun 2017. Aspek Density (Kepadatan Kawasan) telah memenuhi kriteria TOD dengan kepadatan lebih dari 25.000 jiwa/km², menunjukkan potensi tinggi pengguna transportasi publik. Aspek Diversity (Keberagaman Fungsi Lahan) menunjukkan variasi penggunaan lahan yang cukup baik, namun belum terintegrasi secara vertikal. Penerapan fungsi campuran (mixed-use development) masih perlu diperluas. Aspek Design (Desain Kawasan dan Tata Ruang) belum memenuhi kriteria TOD karena keterbatasan fasilitas pejalan kaki, jalur sepeda, dan konektivitas antar simpul transit (Terminal Joyoboyo dan Stasiun Wonokromo). Aspek Destination Accessibility (Aksesibilitas Tujuan) sudah sesuai kriteria karena fasilitas publik, pendidikan, perdagangan, dan sosial tersedia dalam radius 1 km dari simpul transit. Aspek Distance to Transit (Jarak ke Simpul) juga sesuai, karena mayoritas kawasan berada dalam radius 400-800 meter dari simpul transportasi utama. Berdasarkan analisis SWOT, kekuatan utama kawasan ini adalah keberadaan dua simpul transportasi besar dan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi. Namun kelemahannya adalah desain kawasan yang belum ramah pejalan kaki serta keterbatasan ruang terbuka hijau. Peluang pengembangan didukung oleh kebijakan RTRK Surabaya dan program revitalisasi kawasan Joyoboyo.

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Analysis of the feasibility of TOD implementation in the Wonokromo area of Surabaya requires consideration of several important factors, including: the condition of existing transportation infrastructure, community movement patterns, existing land density and function, spatial planning policies, socio-economic factors, and regulatory and coordination challenges among stakeholders. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of the Wonokromo area of Surabaya and its surroundings in implementing the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept. and analyze and formulate appropriate strategies to implement the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept to support the development of sustainable urban areas in Wonokromo Surabaya and its surroundings. The research method used is a mixed study through TOD Feasibility analysis techniques that include Density, Diversity, Design, Destination accessibility, and Distance to transit; and using SWOT analysis. The results of the study indicate that the Wonokromo area is generally conditionally feasible for the implementation of the TOD concept. This is indicated by the results of the analysis of the five main TOD indicators (5D) referring to the Regulation of the Minister of ATR/BPN No. 16 of 2017. The Density aspect has met the TOD criteria with a density of more than 25,000 people/km², indicating a high potential for public transportation users. The Diversity aspect (Land Function Diversity) shows a fairly good variety of land uses, but has not been vertically integrated. The application of mixed-use development still needs to be expanded. The Design aspect (Area Design and Spatial Planning) does not meet TOD criteria due to limited pedestrian facilities, bicycle paths, and connectivity between transit nodes (Joyoboyo Terminal and Wonokromo Station). The Destination Accessibility aspect meets the criteria because public, educational, commercial, and social facilities are available within a 1-km radius of the transit node. The Distance to Transit aspect is also appropriate, as the majority of the area is within a 400–800-meter radius of major transportation nodes. Based on a SWOT analysis, the area's main strengths are the presence of two major transportation nodes and high population density. However, its weaknesses are the area's non-pedestrian-friendly design and limited green open space. Development opportunities are supported by the Surabaya RTRK policy and the Joyoboyo area revitalization program.

Keywords: Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Area Development, Urban Density, Diversity, Design, Destination Accessibility, and Distance to Transit