Restanti, Ayu Alfiana (2026) Efektivitas Chest Physiotherapy Bundle terhadap SpO₂ dan PCO₂ pada Pasien dengan Ventilator di Ruang ICU. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.
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Abstract
Pendahuluan: Pasien yang menggunakan ventilator mekanik di ruang Intensive Care Unit (ICU) berisiko tinggi mengalami gangguan pertukaran gas akibat retensi sekret pada jalan napas, yang mengakibatkan penurunan saturasi oksigen (SpO₂) dan perubahan tekanan parsial karbon dioksida (PCO₂). Bukti mengenai efektivitas Chest Physiotherapy Bundle (CPB) masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas CPB dalam meningkatkan SpO₂ dan memperbaiki PCO₂ pada pasien ICU yang menggunakan ventilator mekanik. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group yang melibatkan 66 pasien ICU, terdiri atas kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (masing-masing n=33). Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan CPB yang meliputi nebulizer, postural drainage, percusiion (clapping), vibrasi, dan suctioning selama tiga hari, sedangkan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan perawatan standar. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan Mann–Whitney. Hasil: Pada kelompok intervensi, proporsi SpO₂ normal meningkat dari 33,3% menjadi 87,9% (p<0,001) dan PCO₂ normal meningkat dari 39,4% menjadi 51,5% (p<0,001). Pada kelompok kontrol, proporsi SpO₂ normal meningkat dari 39,4% menjadi 63,6% (p=0,023) dan PCO₂ normal meningkat dari 24,2% menjadi 27,3% (p<0,001). Uji Mann–Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol pada nilai SpO₂ (mean rank 37,44 vs. 29,56; p=0,026) dan PCO₂ (mean rank 38,05 vs. 28,95; p=0,039). Pembahasan: Chest Physiotherapy Bundle lebih efektif dibandingkan perawatan standar dalam meningkatkan oksigenasi dan ventilasi pada pasien ICU yang menggunakan ventilator mekanik. Intervensi ini berpotensi menjadi strategi keperawatan berbasis bukti untuk mengoptimalkan luaran respirasi pada pasien kritis.
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Introduction: Patients with mechanical ventilators in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are at high risk of impaired gas exchange due to retention of secretions in the airways, which results in decreased oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and changes in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO₂). Evidence regarding the effectiveness of Chest Physiotherapy Bundle (CPB) is still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CPB in increasing SpO₂ and improving PCO₂ in the ICU patients with mechanical ventilators. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group study included 66 ICU patients assigned to intervention and control groups (n=33 each). The intervention group received CPB including of nebulization, postural drainage, percussion, vibration, and suctioning for three days, while the control group received standard care. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: In the intervention group, normal SpO₂ increased from 33.3% to 87.9% (p<0.001) and normal PCO₂ from 39.4% to 51.5% (p<0.001). In the control group, normal SpO₂ increased from 39.4% to 63.6% (p=0.023) and normal PCO₂ from 24.2% to 27.3% (p<0.001). Mann–Whitney analysis demonstrated significant differences between groups for SpO₂ (mean rank 37.44 vs. 29.56; p=0.026) and PCO₂ (mean rank 38.05 vs. 28.95; p=0.039). Discussion: The Chest Physiotherapy Bundle was more effective than standard care in improving oxygenation and ventilation in ICU patients with mechanical ventilators. This intervention has the potential to be an evidence-based nursing strategy to optimize respiratory outcomes in critically ill patients.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Karbon dioksida; Penyakit kritis; Saturasi oksigen; Ventilasi mekanik; Unit Perawatan Intensif (ICU). |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology R Medicine > RT Nursing |
| Divisions: | 04. Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan > S1 Keperawatan |
| Depositing User: | AYU ALFIANA RESTANTI |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2026 09:34 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2026 09:34 |
| URI: | https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/12989 |
