Analisa Sistem Perawatan pada Hoist Crane Euro Kapasitas 5 Ton di PT. Spindo Unit 7 dengan Metode Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

Hoist crane euro kapasitas 5 ton di PT. Spindo Unit 7 merupakan alat angkat yang digunakan untuk mendukung proses produksi dan pemindahan material. Tingginya frekuensi kerusakan dan downtime pada beberapa komponen menyebabkan terganggunya operasional brake hoist sehingga diperlukan strategi perawatan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan keandalan alat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis reliability, availability, dan failure rate, menentukan tingkat risiko kegagalan menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), serta menyusun rekomendasi preventive maintenance menggunakan metode Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data historis breakdown dan downtime komponen hoist crane periode Juni 2024 sampai Maret 2026. Pengolahan data dilakukan melalui identifikasi kerusakan dan downtime menggunakan perhitungan Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF), Mean Time to Repair (MTTR), dan failure rate, perhitungan reliability dan availability, penentuan tugas preventive maintenance, diagram Pareto, serta analisis FMEA untuk menentukan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai MTBF sebesar 219,7 jam, failure rate sebesar 0,00455 kegagalan/jam, serta MTTR yang diperoleh sebesar 1,33 jam. Berdasarkan analisis FMEA, pinion gear brake hoist memiliki nilai RPN tertinggi sebesar 60 sehingga menjadi prioritas utama dalam kegiatan perawatan. Penentuan interval preventive maintenance yang dihasilkan sebesar 112 jam. Hasil analisis RCM-FMEA menghasilkan rekomendasi scheduled restoration task pada pinion gear brake hoist, failure finding pada brake hoist dan limit switch, serta task on-condition task pada inverter dan kontaktor. Penerapan strategi preventive maintenance berbasis RCM dan FMEA diharapkan mampu mengurangi downtime, meningkatkan keandalan sistem, memperpanjang umur pakai komponen, serta mendukung kelancaran proses produksi di PT. Spindo Unit 7.

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The 5-ton Euro hoist crane at PT Spindo Unit 7 is a lifting system used to support production processes and material handling operations. The high frequency of component failures and equipment downtime has disrupted the operation of the hoisting system, highlighting the need for an effective maintenance strategy to improve equipment reliability. This study aims to identify reliability, availability, and failure rates, assess failure risks using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method, and develop preventive maintenance recommendations based on the Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) approach. This study employed a quantitative descriptive research design using historical breakdown and downtime data for hoist crane components collected between June 2024 and March 2026. The analysis included the calculation of Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF), Mean Time to Repair (MTTR), failure rate, reliability, preventive maintenance intervals, Pareto diagram analysis to identify critical components, FMEA to determine the Risk Priority Number (RPN), and maintenance recommendations based on the RCM approach. The results showed that the critical components of the hoist crane were the pinion gear brake hoist, inverter, wire rope, brake hoist, limit switch, and gearbox. The calculated MTBF was 219,7 hours, the failure rate was 0.00455 failures per hour, and the MTTR was 1.33 hours. Based on the FMEA analysis, the pinion gear brake hoist had the highest RPN value of 60, making it the highest priority component for preventive maintenance. The preventive maintenance interval analysis value are 112 operating hours. Furthermore, the RCM analysis recommended scheduled restoration tasks for the pinion gear brake hoist, a failure-finding task for the brake hoist and limit switch, and on-condition tasks for the inverter and contractor. The implementation of preventive maintenance strategies based on the RCM and FMEA methods is expected to reduce downtime, improve system reliability, extend component service life, and support uninterrupted production activities at PT. Spindo Unit 7.