Gambaran Penerapan Manajemen Risiko oleh Perawat pada Pasien Schizophrenia dengan Perilaku Kekerasan di RS Menur Surabaya

Perilaku kekerasan masih sering terjadi pada pasien skizofrenia dan berpotensi menimbulkan cedera bagi pasien, tenaga kesehatan, maupun lingkungan. Manajemen risiko meliputi identifikasi risiko, penilaian dan analisis risiko, tindakan dan pengendalian risiko, serta evaluasi dan pelaporan risiko untuk mencegah insiden dan meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Namun, penerapannya belum selalu optimal sehingga diperlukan gambaran penerapannya dalam praktik keperawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran penerapan manajemen risiko oleh perawat pada pasien schizophrenia dengan perilaku kekerasan di RS Menur Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi berjumlah 160 perawat dengan sampel 114 perawat yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel penelitian adalah penerapan manajemen risiko oleh perawat pada pasien schizophrenia dengan perilaku kekerasan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang diadopsi dari Pedoman Manajemen Risiko RS Menur Surabaya Tahun 2021. Instrumen memenuhi uji validitas (r hitung > 0,361) dan reliabilitas (Cronbach's Alpha = 0,802). Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif berupa distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan identifikasi risiko kategori baik pada 109 responden (95,6%), penilaian dan analisis risiko kategori baik pada 110 responden (96,5%), tindakan dan pengendalian risiko kategori baik pada 111 responden (97,4%), serta evaluasi dan pelaporan risiko kategori baik pada 111 responden (97,4%). Secara keseluruhan, penerapan manajemen risiko berada pada kategori baik. Penerapan manajemen risiko oleh perawat pada pasien schizophrenia dengan perilaku kekerasan di RS Menur Surabaya telah terlaksana dengan baik dan perlu dipertahankan untuk mendukung keselamatan pasien serta mutu pelayanan.

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Violent behavior still frequently occurs among patients with schizophrenia and has the potential to cause injury to patients, healthcare workers, and the surrounding environment. Risk management involves risk identification, risk assessment and analysis, risk mitigation and control measures, as well as risk evaluation and reporting to prevent incidents and improve patient safety. However, its implementation is not always optimal, making it necessary to examine its application in nursing practice. This study aims to determine the profile of risk management implementation by nurses for patients with schizophrenia exhibiting violent behavior at Menur Hospital in Surabaya. This study employed a quantitative descriptive design. The population consisted of 160 nurses, with a sample of 114 nurses selected using purposive sampling. The study variable was the implementation of risk management by nurses for patients with schizophrenia exhibiting violent behavior. Data were collected using a questionnaire adapted from the 2021 Menur Hospital, Surabaya, Risk Management Guidelines. The instrument passed validity testing (calculated r > 0.361) and reliability testing (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.802). Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages. The results showed that 109 respondents (95.6%) were classified as having “good” risk identification, Risk assessment and analysis were rated “good” for 110 respondents (96.5%), risk mitigation and control were rated “good” for 111 respondents (97.4%), and risk evaluation and reporting were rated “good” for 111 respondents (97.4%). Overall, the implementation of risk management was rated “good.” The implementation of risk management by nurses for patients with schizophrenia exhibiting violent behavior at Menur Hospital in Surabaya has been carried out well and should be maintained to support patient safety and quality of care.