Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Badan Layanan Umum di Politeknik Perkeretaapian Indonesia Madiun Tahun 2022–2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja keuangan Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) Politeknik Perkeretaapian Indonesia Madiun tahun 2022–2024 berdasarkan aspek likuiditas, kinerja layanan, pengembangan dana, dan pengelolaan aset. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis rasio keuangan berdasarkan laporan keuangan BLU. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja keuangan BLU secara umum mengalami peningkatan selama periode 2022-2024. Pada aspek likuiditas, kondisi keuangan tergolong cukup baik yang ditunjukkan oleh rasio lancar dan periode penagihan piutang yang efektif, meskipun rasio kas masih rendah karena kebijakan penggunaan dana untuk belanja modal dan pengembangan institusi. Pada aspek kinerja layanan, terjadi peningkatan efektivitas dan efisiensi operasional yang ditunjukkan oleh rasio POBO, imbal jasa layanan, dan imbal ekuitas, serta penurunan rasio BOPO dan belanja pegawai. Pada aspek pengembangan dana masih berfluktuasi karena prioritas penggunaan dana untuk kebutuhan operasional dan tidak konsistennya aktivitas investasi, sedangkan pengelolaan aset menunjukkan peningkatan, meskipun optimalisasi aset masih rendah karena keterbatasan pemanfaatan komersial. Secara keseluruhan, fluktuasi kinerja keuangan lebih dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan alokasi dana dan strategi pengelolaan BLU dalam menyeimbangkan likuiditas, investasi, dan pengembangan institusi.

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This study aims to analyze the financial performance of the Public Service Agency (BLU) at the Indonesian Railway Polytechnic in Madiun for the years 2022–2024 based on the aspects of liquidity, service performance, fund development, and asset management. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with financial ratio analysis based on the BLU’s financial statements. Data collection techniques included documentation, interviews, and literature review. The results indicated that the BLU’s financial performance generally improved during the 2022–2024 period. In terms of liquidity, the financial condition is classified as fairly good, as indicated by the current ratio and the effective accounts receivable collection period, although the cash ratio remains low due to policies allocating funds toward capital expenditures and institutional development. Regarding service performance, there was an increase in operational effectiveness and efficiency, as evidenced by the POBO ratio, service fee yield, and return on equity, along with a decrease in the BOPO ratio and personnel expenses. Fund development remains volatile due to the priority given to using funds for operational needs and inconsistent investment activities, while asset management has improved, although asset optimization remains low due to limitations in commercial utilization. Overall, fluctuations in financial performance are more heavily influenced by funding allocation policies and the management strategies of Public Service Agencies (BLUs) in balancing liquidity, investments, and institutional development.