Asuhan Keperawatan pada Pasien Post Asthma Attack dengan Pola Napas Tidak Efektif melalui Intervensi Pursed Lips Breathing di RSUD Haji Surabaya

Pendahuluan : Asthma Attack menjadi salah satu penyebab gangguan respirasi yang sering menimbulkan pola napas tidak efektif akibat obstruksi jalan napas. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan penurunan oksigenasi, peningkatan kerja pernapasan, serta memperburuk kondisi pasien apabila tidak segera ditangani. Tekhnik Pursed Lips Breathing (PLB) diketahui dapat membantu meningkatkan ventilasi dan oksigenasi, namun penerapannya dalam asuhan keperawatan pada pasien Asthma Attack masih perlu dievaluasi. Tujuan: Melaksanakan Asuhan Keperawatan pada Pasien Post Asthma Attack dengan Pola Napas Tidak Efektif Melalui Intervensi Pursed Lips Breathing di RSUD Haji Surabaya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus pada dua pasien perempuan, yaitu Ny. M (61 tahun) dan Ny. F (60 tahun) dengan diagnosis medis Asthma Attack. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, dan studi dokumentasi rekam medis. Intervensi keperawatan diberikan selama tiga hari dengan fokus pemantauan status respirasi dan latihan Pursed Lips Breathing. Hasil: Perbaikan status respirasi pada kedua pasien setelah intervensi. Perbaikan ditandai peningkatan saturasi oksigen, penurunan sputum, hilangnya wheezing, serta peningkatan kemampuan batuk efektif. Pada Ny. M, saturasi meningkat dari 91% menjadi 98%, keluhan sesak dan batuk menghilang, serta analisis gas darah membaik dari asidosis respiratorik menjadi normal. Pada Ny. F, saturasi meningkat dari 90% menjadi 94%, wheezing dan sputum tidak ditemukan, namun masih terdapat batuk ringan dan sesak napas sehingga masalah teratasi sebagian. Diskusi: Penerapan Pursed Lips Breathing sebagai bagian dari asuhan keperawatan ditemukan perbaikan pola napas, ventilasi, dan oksigenasi pada pasien post Asthma Attack, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai intervensi pendukung dalam penatalaksanaan gangguan pernapasan.

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Introduction: Asthma Attack is one of the causes of respiratory disorders that frequently leads to an ineffective breathing pattern due to airway obstruction. This condition can result in decreased oxygenation, increased work of breathing, and worsening patient conditions if not managed promptly. The Pursed Lips Breathing (PLB) technique is known to help improve ventilation and oxygenation; however, its implementation in nursing care for patients with Asthma Attacks still requires evaluation. Objective: To provide nursing care for post-Asthma Attack patients with an ineffective breathing pattern through the Pursed Lips Breathing intervention at Haji Regional General Hospital, Surabaya. Methods: This study employed a case study design involving two female patients, Mrs. M (61 years old) and Mrs. F (60 years old), who were diagnosed with Asthma Attack. Data were collected through interviews, observations, Physical examinations, and medical record documentation reviews. Nursing interventions were administered for three days, focusing on respiratory status monitoring and Pursed Lips Breathing exercises. Results : Improvement in respiratory status was observed in both patients after the intervention. The improvement was indicated by increased oxygen saturation, decreased sputum, disappearance of wheezing, and improved ability to perform effective coughing. In Mrs. M, oxygen saturation increased from 91% to 98%, complaints of shortness of breath and cough disappeared, and blood gas analysis improved from respiratory acidosis to normal. In Mrs. F, oxygen saturation increased from 90% to 94%, wheezing and sputum were no longer found, but mild cough and shortness of breath were still present, so the problem was partially resolved. Discussion: The implementation of Pursed Lips Breathing as part of nursing care was found to improve breathing patterns, ventilation, and oxygenation in patients post-Asthma Attack, suggesting that it can be used as a supportive intervention in the management of respiratory disorders.