Gambaran Jenis Bakteri dari Pemeriksaan Kultur Darah pada Pasien Sepsis di RSUD Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur

Sepsis merupakan kondisi disfungsi organ yang mengancam jiwa akibat respons tubuh yang tidak terkontrol terhadap infeksi. Pemeriksaan kultur darah merupakan standar baku dalam mengidentifikasi bakteri penyebab infeksi sehingga berperan penting dalam menunjang diagnosis serta pemilihan terapi antimikroba yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran jenis bakteri dari hasil pemeriksaan kultur darah pada pasien sepsis di RSUD Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder hasil pemeriksaan kultur darah pasien sepsis di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUD Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur periode Januari 2024–Desember 2025. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, sehingga diperoleh 34 sampel kultur darah positif yang dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 34 sampel kultur darah positif yang berhasil diidentifikasi, bakteri Gram positif merupakan kelompok bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan, yaitu sebanyak 24 isolat (70,5%), sedangkan bakteri Gram negatif sebanyak 10 isolat (29,5%). Pada kelompok Gram positif, Staphylococcus hominis merupakan bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan sebanyak 14 isolat (58,3%), diikuti Staphylococcus epidermidis sebanyak 3 isolat (12,5%) dan Staphylococcus capitis sebanyak 2 isolat (8,3%). Pada kelompok Gram negatif, Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan sebanyak 4 isolat (40%), diikuti Escherichia coli ESBL sebanyak 2 isolat (20%), sedangkan Pantoea sp., Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL, dan Stenotrophomonas maltophilia masing-masing ditemukan sebanyak 1 isolat (10%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri Gram positif terutama Staphylococcus hominis mendominasi hasil kultur darah pasien sepsis di RSUD Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur.

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Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by organ dysfunction resulting from an uncontrolled host response to infection. Blood culture examination is the gold standard for identifying infection-causing bacteria, thereby playing a crucial role in supporting diagnosis and the selection of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This study aimed to determine the profile of bacterial types identified through blood culture examinations in sepsis patients at Haji Regional General Hospital, East Java. This was a descriptive study utilizing secondary data from blood culture results of sepsis patients processed at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of at Haji Regional General Hospital, East Java during the period of January 2024 to December 2025. Purposive sampling was employed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, yielding 34 positive blood culture samples that were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution and percentages. The results showed that among the 34 identified positive blood culture samples, Gram-positive bacteria constituted the most frequently found group, comprising 24 isolates (70.5%), while Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 10 isolates (29.5%). Within the Gram-positive group, Staphylococcus hominis was the most common bacterium (14 isolates; 58.3%), followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (3 isolates; 12.5%) and Staphylococcus capitis (2 isolates; 8.3%). In the Gram-negative group, Escherichia coli was the most frequently identified bacterium (4 isolates; 40%), followed by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (2 isolates; 20%), while Pantoea sp., Serratia marcescens, ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were each identified in 1 isolate (10%). These findings indicate that Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus hominis, predominate in the blood culture results of sepsis patients at Haji Regional General Hospital, East Java.