Dialektika Sosiologi Hukum terhadap Pantangan Menikah di Bulan Molod (Rabiul Awal) pada Masyarakat Kacongan Sumenep Madura

Rifdah, Amirah (2026) Dialektika Sosiologi Hukum terhadap Pantangan Menikah di Bulan Molod (Rabiul Awal) pada Masyarakat Kacongan Sumenep Madura. Padaringan: Jurnal Padaringan Pendidikan Sosiologi Antropologi, 8 (3). ISSN ISSN: 2549-2764 (online) dan ISSN: 2775-9148 (print)

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Abstract

Pernikahan pada bulan Molod (Rabiul Awal) secara konsisten dihindari oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Kacongan, Sumenep, Madura, meskipun tidak ada larangan syariat Islam yang secara eksplisit melarangnya. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana pantangan tersebut terbentuk sebagai realitas sosial, dipertahankan sebagai living law, dan berdialektika secara bertentangan dengan hukum Islam normatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum dan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research), melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, serta dilengkapi data statistik perkawinan di KUA Kecamatan Kota Sumenep tahun 2023–2025. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pantangan terbentuk melalui narasi historis-keagamaan, mitos-mitos, dan sistem pengetahuan primbon Jawa-Madura. Adapun persepsi masyarakat bersifat beragam; tokoh adat mendukung secara kultural-empiris, tokoh agama menolak secara teologis-normatif, sementara masyarakat umum cenderung patuh secara pragmatis. Data KUA mengonfirmasi angka perkawinan di bulan Molod (Rabiul Awal) secara konsisten di bawah 4% dibanding bulan Dzulhijjah yang mencapai lebih dari 20% setiap tahunnya. Dianalisis melalui teori Konstruksi Sosial atas Realitas oleh Peter L. Berger dan Thomas Luckmann serta konsep Living Law oleh Eugen Ehrlich, pantangan ini merupakan realitas hukum yang dikonstruksikan secara sosial dan mengikat di luar sistem hukum formal. Dialektika antara living law adat dan hukum Islam berlangsung dalam pertentangan yang nyata. Akan tetapi, pertentangan ini tidak menjadi konflik terbuka antarmasyarakat, melainkan sebagai dialektika dinamis di mana kedua sistem normatif saling berhadapan tanpa satu pun sepenuhnya menggeser yang lain.

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Marriage during the month of Molod (Rabiul Awal) is consistently avoided by the majority of the Kacongan community in Sumenep, Madura, despite the absence of explicit Islamic sharia prohibitions. This study examines how these taboos are formed as social realities, maintained as living law, and dialectically conflict with normative Islamic law. The research method used is qualitative with a sociological legal approach and field research, through observation, interviews, and documentation, supplemented by marriage statistics at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Sumenep City District from 2023–2025. The findings indicate that the taboos are formed through historical-religious narratives, myths, and the Javanese-Madurese primbon knowledge system. Public perceptions are diverse; traditional leaders support them culturally and empirically, religious leaders reject them theologically and normatively, while the general public tends to comply pragmatically. KUA data confirms that the marriage rate in the month of Molod (Rabiul Awal) is consistently below 4% compared to the month of Dzulhijjah, which reaches more than 20% annually. Analyzed through the theory of the Social Construction of Reality by Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann and the concept of Living Law by Eugen Ehrlich, these taboos constitute a socially constructed and binding legal reality outside the formal legal system. The dialectic between customary living law and Islamic law occurs in a real conflict. However, this conflict does not become an open conflict between communities, but rather a dynamic dialectic in which the two normative systems confront each other without either completely displacing the other.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Sosiologi Hukum, Pantangan Menikah, Bulan Molod (Rabiul Awal), Sociology of Law, Abstinence from Marriage, Month of Molod (Rabiul Awal)
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BP Islam. Bahaism. Theosophy, etc
H Social Sciences > HM Sociology
H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman
K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: 01. Fakultas Studi Islam dan Peradaban > Hukum Keluarga Islam
Depositing User: Rifdah Amirah
Date Deposited: 26 Sep 2026 05:32
Last Modified: 26 Sep 2026 05:32
URI: https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/14364

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