Gambaran Pola Resistensi Antibiotik Escherichia coli ESBL pada Pasien ISK di RSUD Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur

Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) merupakan salah satu infeksi bakteri yang sering ditemukan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, dengan Escherichia coli sebagai penyebab utama. Meningkatnya Escherichia coli penghasil Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) menyebabkan resistensi terhadap berbagai antibiotik sehingga dapat mempersulit penatalaksanaan pasien. Pemantauan pola resistensi antibiotik diperlukan sebagai dasar pemilihan terapi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran pola resistensi antibiotik Escherichia coli ESBL pada pasien ISK berdasarkan data kultur urine di RSUD Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2023–2025. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder berupa hasil kultur urine dan uji kepekaan antibiotik pasien ISK yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi selama Januari 2023–Desember 2025. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 33 isolat E. coli ESBL. Tingkat resistensi tertinggi ditemukan terhadap Ceftriaxone (100%), Ampicillin (100%), Cefazolin (97%), Aztreonam (85%), dan Ciprofloxacin (82%). Sementara itu, sensitivitas tertinggi ditemukan pada Tigecycline (100%), Ertapenem (100%), Meropenem (100%), Amikacin (94%), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (91%), dan Nitrofurantoin (88%). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa beberapa antibiotik masih efektif terhadap E. coli ESBL, meskipun terdapat antibiotik dengan tingkat resistensi sangat tinggi. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar pemilihan terapi empiris dan mendukung program pengendalian resistensi antimikroba di rumah sakit.

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the bacterial infections commonly encountered in healthcare facilities, with Escherichia coli as the primary causative agent. The increasing prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has led to resistance to various antibiotics, which may complicate patient management. Monitoring antibiotic resistance patterns is necessary as a basis for selecting appropriate therapy. This study aimed to describe the antibiotic resistance patterns of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in patients with UTIs based on urine culture data at Haji Regional General Hospital, East Java Province, from 2023 to 2025.
This was a descriptive study using secondary data consisting of urine culture results and antibiotic susceptibility testing results from patients with UTIs who met the inclusion criteria from January 2023 to December 2025. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented as frequency distributions and percentages. The results showed that there were 33 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. The highest resistance rates were found for ceftriaxone (100%), ampicillin (100%), cefazolin (97%), aztreonam (85%), and ciprofloxacin (82%). Meanwhile, the highest susceptibility rates were found for tigecycline (100%), ertapenem (100%), meropenem (100%), amikacin (94%), piperacillin-tazobactam (91%), and nitrofurantoin (88%). These results indicate that several antibiotics remain effective against ESBL-producing E. coli, although some antibiotics have very high resistance rates. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for selecting empirical therapy and to support antimicrobial resistance control programs in the hospital.