Asuhan Keperawatan Kegawatdaruratan dengan Masalah Syok Hipovolemia pada Pasien Fraktur Femur di Rumah Sakit Siti Khodijah Sepanjang

Fraktur femur merupakan salah satu kasus kegawatdaruratan yang sering disebabkan oleh trauma, seperti kecelakaan lalu lintas maupun kecelakaan kerja, dan berisiko menimbulkan perdarahan masif yang dapat menyebabkan syok hipovolemia. Syok hipovolemia merupakan kondisi kegawatdaruratan akibat penurunan volume sirkulasi darah.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada dua pasien fraktur femur yang mengalami masalah hipovolemia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, studi dokumentasi, serta pemeriksaan penunjang
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua pasien mengalami tanda dan gejala hipovolemia berupa lemah, haus, takikardia, hipotensi, turgor kulit menurun, membran mukosa kering, serta adanya perdarahan pada area fraktur. Diagnosis keperawatan utama yang ditegakkan adalah hipovolemia berhubungan dengan perdarahan. Intervensi keperawatan difokuskan pada manajemen hipovolemia melalui pemantauan tanda vital, pemantauan keseimbangan cairan, pemberian posisi yang sesuai, edukasi, serta kolaborasi pemberian cairan intravena dan terapi medis.
Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan asuhan keperawatan kegawatdaruratan secara sistematis sesuai proses keperawatan mampu membantu mengatasi masalah hipovolemia pada pasien fraktur femur serta mendukung stabilisasi kondisi hemodinamik pasien.
Kata Kunci: Asuhan Keperawatan Kegawatdaruratan, Fraktur Femur, Hipovolemia

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A femoral fracture is an emergency often caused by trauma such as traffic or workplace accidents and carries the risk of massive hemorrhage, which can lead to hypovolemic shock. Hypovolemic shock is an emergency condition resulting from a decrease in circulating blood volume.
This study employs a descriptive method with a case study approach involving two patients with femoral fractures experiencing hypovolemia. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, physical examinations, document reviews, and diagnostic tests.
The study results indicate that both patients exhibited signs and symptoms of hypovolemia, including weakness, thirst, tachycardia, hypotension, decreased skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, and bleeding at the fracture site. The primary nursing diagnosis established was hypovolemia related to hemorrhage. Nursing interventions focused on hypovolemia management through vital sign monitoring, fluid balance monitoring, appropriate positioning, patient education, and collaboration regarding intravenous fluid administration and medical therapy.
The conclusion of this study indicates that the systematic application of emergency nursing care, in accordance with the nursing process, helps address hypovolemia in patients with femoral fractures and supports the stabilization of their hemodynamic status.
Keywords: Emergency Nursing Care, Femur Fracture, Hypovolemia