Profil Penggunaan Analgesik pada Pasien Lansia Puskesmas Tanah Kali Kedinding Surabaya

Penggunaan analgesik pada pasien geriatri meningkat seiring meningkatnya populasi geriatri. Penggunaan obat analgesik pada geriatri memiliki tantangan khusus akibat perubahan dalam farmakokinetik dan farmakodinamik yang disebabkan oleh proses penuaan sehingga dibutuhkan pemahaman tentang keamanan dan rasionalitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai profil penggunaan obat analgesik pada pasien geriatri di Puskesmas Tanah Kali Kedinding Surabaya. Digunakan desain observasional deskriptif retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis pasien pada periode Januari 2025 - Desember 2025, dengan total sampel sebanyak 95 pasien yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Variabel yang diamati berupa karakteristik pasien (nama pasien, jenis kelamin, usia, BB, nomor RM, diagnosis, komorbiditas) dan profil penggunaan analgesik (jenis, dosis, frekuensi pemberian, rute pemberian, dan lama terapi). Data dianalisis dengan Microsoft Excel dan disajikan dalam bentuk bentuk tabel, diagram, persentase, dan deskripsi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien berada dalam kelompok usia 60–69 tahun (74,7%) dan perempuan (68,4%), dengan berat badan 50–59 kg (41,1%). Diagnosis terbanyak adalah myalgia (44,2%) dengan komorbiditas hipertensi (43,2%) dan diabetes melitus (25,3%). Asam mefenamat 500 mg (47%) menjadi analgesik yang paling banyak digunakan, diikuti natrium diklofenak 50 mg (41%) dan ibuprofen 400 mg (12%). Seluruh analgesik diberikan tiga kali sehari melalui rute oral, dengan durasi pemberian terbanyak selama dua hari (83%). Dosis, frekuensi, rute, dan durasi pemberian obat analgesik tersebut rasional sehingga dapat menjadi dasar dalam penggunaan analgesik pada pasien geriatri, dengan tetap mempertimbangkan keamanan dan risiko efek samping obat.

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The use of analgesics in geriatric patients increases as the number of elderly increased. Age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics make analgesic use in this population more challenging, requiring an understanding of their safety and rationality. This study aimed to describe the profile of analgesic use among geriatric patients at the Tanah Kali Kedinding Health Center, Surabaya. A retrospective descriptive observational study was conducted using patient medical record data from January to December 2025. A total of 95 patients were selected through purposive sampling technique. The observed variables included patient characteristics (patient’s name, sex, age, body weight, medical record number, diagnosis, comorbidities) and the analgesics use profile (type, dosage, frequency, route, and duration of therapy). Data were analysed descriptively using Microsoft Excel. The results show that most patients were aged 60–69 years (74.7%) and female (68.4%), with a body weight of 50–59 kg (41.1%). The most common diagnosis was myalgia (44.2%), while hypertension (43.2%) and diabetes mellitus (25.3%) were the predominat comorbidities. Mefenamic acid 500 mg (47%) became the most frequently used analgesic, followed by sodium diclofenac 50 mg (41%), and ibuprofen 400 mg (12%). All analgesics were administered three times daily via the oral route, with a treatment duration of two days in most patients (83%). Overall, the use of these analgesics were considered rational, supporting safe and appropiate analgesics use in geriatric patients, while still considering the safety and risk of its side effects.