Pengendalian Persediaan Obat-Obatan dengan Menggunakan Peramalan dan Kombinasi Metode ABC-VEN di Apotek X Surabaya

Alamsyah, Mukhammad Yulianto (2026) Pengendalian Persediaan Obat-Obatan dengan Menggunakan Peramalan dan Kombinasi Metode ABC-VEN di Apotek X Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

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Abstract

Persediaan obat merupakan aspek penting dalam menjamin mutu pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek. Pengelolaan persediaan yang kurang optimal dapat menyebabkan kelebihan stok, kekurangan stok, serta penggunaan anggaran pengadaan yang kurang efisien. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode yang mampu memperkirakan kebutuhan obat secara akurat dan menentukan prioritas pengendalian persediaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan metode forecasting terbaik, menganalisis pengendalian persediaan menggunakan kombinasi metode ABC-VEN, serta mengevaluasi efisiensi biaya investasi persediaan di Apotek X Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data historis penjualan selama 20 bulan (Agustus 2024–Maret 2026) terhadap 161 jenis obat. Metode forecasting yang digunakan meliputi Moving Average, Single Exponential Smoothing, Double Exponential Smoothing, Multiplicative Method, dan Additive Method. Metode terbaik dipilih berdasarkan nilai MAD, MSD, dan MAPE terkecil. Hasil forecasting kemudian digunakan sebagai dasar perencanaan kebutuhan obat dan dianalisis menggunakan metode ABC-VEN untuk menentukan prioritas pengendalian persediaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode forecasting terbaik berbeda pada setiap jenis obat sesuai pola permintaannya, dengan Multiplicative Method (Seasonal Factor 12) menjadi metode yang paling banyak digunakan, yaitu pada 91 jenis obat (56,52%). Analisis ABC mengelompokkan obat menjadi 51 kelompok A, 46 kelompok B, dan 64 kelompok C, sedangkan kombinasi ABC-VEN menghasilkan 52 obat prioritas I, 76 obat prioritas II, dan 29 obat prioritas III. Penerapan forecasting menurunkan biaya investasi persediaan dari Rp197.036.693,02 menjadi Rp194.389.517,14 sehingga diperoleh penghematan sebesar Rp2.647.175,88 atau 1,34%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi forecasting dan metode ABC-VEN mampu mendukung perencanaan kebutuhan obat, menentukan prioritas pengendalian persediaan, serta meningkatkan efisiensi biaya investasi persediaan.

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Drug inventory is a crucial aspect in ensuring the quality of pharmaceutical services in pharmacies. Suboptimal inventory management can lead to overstocking, understocking, and inefficient procurement budget utilization. Therefore, a method capable of accurately estimating drug needs and determining inventory control priorities is needed. This study aims to determine the best forecasting method, analyze inventory control using a combination of ABC-VEN methods, and evaluate the cost efficiency of inventory investment at Pharmacy X Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative approach with historical sales data for 20 months (August 2024–March 2026) for 161 types of drugs. The forecasting methods used include Moving Average, Single Exponential Smoothing, Double Exponential Smoothing, Multiplicative Method, and Additive Method. The best method was selected based on the smallest MAD, MSD, and MAPE values. The forecasting results were then used as the basis for drug demand planning and analyzed using the ABC-VEN method to determine inventory control priorities. The results showed that the best forecasting method differed for each drug type according to its demand pattern, with the Multiplicative Method (Seasonal Factor 12) being the most widely used method, with 91 drugs (56.52%). The ABC analysis grouped drugs into 51 group A, 46 group B, and 64 group C, while the ABC-VEN combination resulted in 52 priority I drugs, 76 priority II drugs, and 29 priority III drugs. The forecasting application reduced inventory investment costs from Rp197,036,693.02 to Rp194,389,517.14, resulting in savings of Rp2,647,175.88, or 1.34%. The results showed that the combination of forecasting and the ABC-VEN method can support drug demand planning, determine inventory control priorities, and improve inventory investment cost efficiency.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords: forecasting, pengendalian persediaan, ABC-VEN, persediaan obat, efisiensi biaya investasi. , forecasting, inventory control, ABC-VEN, drug inventory, investment cost efficiency.
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HF Commerce
R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
T Technology > T Technology (General)
Divisions: 08. Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Industri
Depositing User: MUKHAMMAD YULIANTO ALAMSYAH
Date Deposited: 07 Oct 2026 05:59
Last Modified: 07 Oct 2026 05:59
URI: https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/14782

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