Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Gel Pembersih Wajah Antijerawat Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Binahong Hijau (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) serta Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990

Jerawat merupakan masalah kulit yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan bakteri, salah satunya Staphylococcus epidermidis. Pengembangan bahan alam sebagai antibakteri menjadi alternatif dalam pembuatan sediaan antijerawat. Daun binahong hijau (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan steroid yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik, stabilitas, serta aktivitas antibakteri gel pembersih wajah ekstrak etanol 70% daun binahong hijau terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental meliputi determinasi tanaman, pembuatan simplisia, ekstraksi, skrining fitokimia, standarisasi mutu ekstrak, dan formulasi gel pembersih wajah dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 20%, 35%, dan 50% berdasarkan hasil uji KHM. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, stabilitas busa, serta stabilitas dipercepat selama 90 hari pada suhu 40 ± 2°C dan kelembapan relatif 75 ± 5%. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji menggunakan metode difusi sumuran terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seluruh formula memiliki karakteristik fisik yang baik, selama penyimpanan dipercepat hingga 90 hari organoleptik, pH dan viskositas megalami perubahan selama penyimpanan. Aktivitas antibakteri F1 (50%), F2 (35%), dan F3 (20%) dengan zona hambat masing-masing 11,9 mm, 11,5 mm, dan 11,1 mm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak etanol 70% daun binahong hijau dapat diformulasikan menjadi gel pembersih wajah dengan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990.

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Acne is a skin condition that can be influenced by bacterial growth, including Staphylococcus epidermidis. The development of natural ingredients as antibacterial agents provides an alternative for the formulation of anti-acne preparations. Green binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids that have potential antibacterial activity. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the physical characteristics, stability, and antibacterial activity of a facial cleansing gel containing 70% ethanol extract of green binahong leaves against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990. This experimental study included plant identification, preparation of simplicia, extraction, phytochemical screening, extract quality standardization, and formulation of facial cleansing gels with extract concentrations of 20%, 35%, and 50% based on the results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. The formulations were evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, foam stability, and accelerated stability for 90 days at 40 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990 was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. The results showed that all formulations had good physical characteristics. During accelerated storage for up to 90 days, changes in organoleptic properties, pH, and viscosity were observed. The antibacterial activities of F1 (50%), F2 (35%), and F3 (20%) produced inhibition zones of 11.9 mm, 11.5 mm, and 11.1 mm, respectively. Based on these findings, 70% ethanol extract of green binahong leaves can be formulated into a facial cleansing gel with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990.