Optimalisasi Ruang Terbuka Hijau sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Urban Heat Island (UHI): Studi Kasus Hutan Kota Jeruk Lakarsantri

Al-May, Rabi'ah Balqis (2026) Optimalisasi Ruang Terbuka Hijau sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Urban Heat Island (UHI): Studi Kasus Hutan Kota Jeruk Lakarsantri. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan kota yang pesat di Surabaya telah menyebabkan berkurangnya Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) dan meningkatnya fenomena Urban Heat Island (UHI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi eksisting Hutan Kota Jeruk Lakarsantri terkait faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penurunan UHI, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dan merumuskan strategi optimalisasi fungsinya sebagai upaya mitigasi UHI yang efektif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan deskriptif, melalui survei lapangan untuk inventarisasi vegetasi dan pengukuran mikroklimat, serta analisis penginderaan jauh untuk memperoleh data Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dan Land Surface Temperature (LST) menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcGIS dan QGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hutan Kota Jeruk Lakarsantri berada pada kelas NDVI sedang hingga tinggi (0,251–0,59) dengan kelas LST terendah pada kawasan penelitian (27,6–31,4°C), berbeda signifikan dengan kawasan permukiman di sekitarnya yang bersuhu 35,3–37,9°C, dengan selisih suhu permukaan lebih dari 7°C. Teridentifikasi 15 jenis vegetasi dengan 387 individu, didominasi strata pohon berkanopi lebar (73,3%), dengan Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener tergolong sedang (H’ = 2,286). Tujuh dari delapan aspek fasilitas pendukung kawasan telah tersedia, meskipun penerangan dan area parkir khusus masih perlu ditingkatkan. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi bahwa Hutan Kota Jeruk Lakarsantri berfungsi sebagai zona pendingin lokal (local cooling island) yang efektif. Strategi optimalisasi yang dirumuskan meliputi penguatan strata vegetasi bawah, penjagaan konektivitas hijau, perbaikan fasilitas pendukung, serta pemantauan berkala terhadap NDVI, LST, dan mikroklimat untuk menjaga keberlanjutan fungsi mitigasi UHI.
Kata kunci: Urban Heat Island, Ruang Terbuka Hijau, NDVI, Land Surface Temperature

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Rapid urban growth in Surabaya has led to a reduction in Green Open Space (GOS) and an intensification of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. This study aimed to assess the existing conditions of the Jeruk Urban Forest in Lakarsantri regarding factors that influence UHI reduction, to analyze these contributing factors, and to formulate strategies to optimize the forest’s function as an effective and sustainable UHI mitigation measure. The study employed quantitative and descriptive approaches, utilizing field surveys for vegetation inventory and microclimate measurements, alongside remote sensing analysis—using ArcGIS and QGIS software—to obtain Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) data. The results indicated that the Jeruk Urban Forest in Lakarsantri felt within the moderate-to-high NDVI range (0.251–0.59) and exhibited the lowest LST values in the study area (27.6–31.4°C); this contrasted significantly with the surrounding residential areas, which record temperatures of 35.3–37.9°C, representing a surface temperature difference of more than 7°C. A total of 15 vegetation species comprising 387 individual plants were identified—dominated by broad-canopy tree strata (73.3%)—with a Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index classified as moderate (H’ = 2.286). Seven out of eight supporting facility aspects are already in place, although lighting and dedicated parking areas require further improvement. These findings confirmed that the Jeruk Urban Forest in Lakarsantri functions as an effective local cooling island. The formulated optimization strategies include strengthening the understory vegetation strata, maintaining green connectivity, improving supporting facilities, and conducting periodic monitoring of NDVI, LST, and microclimate conditions to ensure the sustainability of its UHI mitigation function..
Keywords: Urban Heat Island, Green Open Space, NDVI, Land Surface Temperature

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Urban Heat Island, Ruang Terbuka Hijau, NDVI, Land Surface Temperature , Urban Heat Island, Green Open Space, NDVI, Land Surface Temperature
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GB Physical geography
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
N Fine Arts > NA Architecture
Divisions: 08. Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Arsitektur
Depositing User: RABI'AH BALQIS AL-MAY
Date Deposited: 27 Oct 2026 02:54
Last Modified: 27 Oct 2026 02:54
URI: https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/15050

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