Profil Bakteri Aerob pada Kultur Sputum Pasien Rawat Inap di RSUD Dr. Mohamad Soewandhie Surabaya

Infeksi saluran pernapasan merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas, terutama pada pasien rawat inap. Pemeriksaan kultur sputum berperan penting dalam mengidentifikasi bakteri penyebab infeksi sehingga dapat mendukung penentuan terapi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil bakteri aerob pada kultur sputum pasien rawat inap di RSUD Dr. Mohammad Soewandhie Surabaya periode Januari–Desember 2025. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif. Sampel penelitian berupa data rekam medis hasil pemeriksaan kultur sputum sebanyak 82 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel serta persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien didominasi oleh laki-laki sebanyak 48 pasien (58,54%) dan kelompok usia dewasa (19–59 tahun) sebanyak 38 pasien (46,34%). Dari 82 pasien diperoleh 146 isolat bakteri aerob yang terdiri atas 14 spesies. Bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21,92%), diikuti Klebsiella pneumoniae (20,55%), Staphylococcus aureus (19,86%), dan Acinetobacter baumannii (10,27%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, Klebsiella pneumoniae paling banyak ditemukan pada pasien laki-laki (26,51%), sedangkan Pseudomonas aeruginosa paling banyak ditemukan pada pasien perempuan (22,22%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pseudomonas aeruginosa merupakan bakteri aerob yang paling dominan pada kultur sputum pasien rawat inap di RSUD dr. Mohammad Soewandhie Surabaya.

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Respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among hospitalized patients. Sputum culture analysis plays a crucial role in identifying the bacteria responsible for infections, thereby facilitating the determination of appropriate therapy. This study aimed to determine the profile of aerobic bacteria in sputum cultures from inpatients at Dr. Mohammad Soewandhie Regional General Hospital, Surabaya during the period of January–December 2025. A descriptive study design was employed. The study sample consisted of medical record data regarding sputum culture results from 82 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables and percentages. The results showed that the patient population was predominantly male (48 patients; 58.54%) and fell mostly within the adult age group of 19–59 years (38 patients; 46.34%). From the 82 patients, 146 aerobic bacterial isolates comprising 14 species were obtained. The most frequently identified bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.92%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.55%), Staphylococcus aureus (19.86%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (10.27%). Regarding gender distribution, Klebsiella pneumoniae was most frequently found in male patients (26.51%), whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most frequently found in female patients (22.22%). It is concluded that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most dominant aerobic bacterium in the sputum cultures of inpatients at Dr. Mohammad Soewandhie Regional General Hospital, Surabaya.