Pengaruh Physical Exercise terhadap Foot Perfusion pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus di RS Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang, Sidoarjo

Latar Belakang : Diabetes Mellitus (DM) sering menyebabkan Penyakit Arteri
Perifer (PAP), komplikasi serius yang memengaruhi aliran darah ke ekstremitas
bawah, meningkatkan risiko bisul, infeksi, dan amputasi. Perfusi kaki yang buruk,
yang sering menandakan PAP, dapat mengakibatkan ulkus kaki yang parah. Faktor
yang mempengaruhi perfusi jaringan tidak efektif termasuk hiperglikemia,
penurunan aliran darah akibat endapan kolesterol, kurangnya informasi mengenai
faktor pemberat, minimnya pengetahuan tentang penyakit, dan kurangnya
aktivitas fisik. Tujuan : Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh physical
exercise terhadap foot perfusion pada pasien diabetes mellitus di RS Siti Khodijah
Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang Sidoarjo. Metode : penelitian ini adalah
Desain one-group pre-post test design dengan teknik sampling purposive
sampling dengan sampel 31 pasien DM yang dirawat di RS Siti Khodijah
Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang Sidoarjo. Data diperoleh melalui pengukuran
Nilai Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan physical
exercise. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Test. Hasil :
penelitian menunjukkan bahwa physical exercise memiliki pengaruh signifikan
terhadap peningkatan foot perfusion pada pasien DM. Dengan menunjukkan
bahwa sebelum dilakukan physical exercise sebagian besar subjek (71%) status
foot perfusionnya dalam kategori obstruksi ringan, sedangkan setelah dilakukan
physical exercise status foot perfusionnya menunjukkan sebagian besar subjek
(61.3%) status foot perfusionnya dalam kategori obstruksi ringan Sedangkan hasil
uji Wilcoxon Signed Test didapatkan nilai Z sebesar -4.800, Nilai p = 0,000 < α =
0,05 ) Hasil ini menunjukan adanya pengaruh physical exercise terhadap status
foot perfusion. Physical exercise memiliki manfaat dalam meningkatkan foot
perfusion pada pasien DM, yang dapat membantu mencegah komplikasi penyakit
arteri perifer setelah dilakukan 2 kali dalam seminggu sesuai dengan SOP dengan
setiap gerakan dilakukan sebanyak 8 kali hitungan.

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Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often causes Peripheral Artery Dis
ease (PAD), a serious complication that affects blood flow to the lower extremi
ties, increasing the risk of ulcers, infections, and amputations. Poor foot perfu
sion, which often indicates PAD, can result in severe foot ulcers. Factors that af
fect ineffective tissue perfusion include hyperglycemia, decreased blood flow due
to cholesterol deposits, lack of information about aggravating factors, minimal
knowledge about the disease, and lack of physical activity. Objective: This study
was to determine the effect of physical exercise on foot perfusion in patients with
diabetes mellitus at Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Hospital, Sepanjang Branch,
Sidoarjo. Method: This study was a one-group pre-post test design with a sample
of 31 DM patients treated at Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Hospital, Sepanjang
Branch, Sidoarjo. Data were obtained by measuring the Ankle Brachial Index
(ABI) Value before and after physical exercise. Data analysis was performed us
ing the Wilcoxon Signed Test. Results: The study showed that physical exercise
had a significant effect on increasing foot perfusion in DM patients. By showing
that before physical exercise, most subjects (71%) had foot perfusion status in the
mild obstruction category, while after physical exercise, the foot perfusion status
showed that most subjects (61.3%) had foot perfusion status in the mild obstruc
tion category. Meanwhile, the results of the Wilcoxon Signed Test obtained a Z
value of -4.800, p value = 0.000 <α = 0.05) These results indicate the effect of
physical exercise on foot perfusion status. Physical exercise has benefits in in
creasing foot perfusion in DM patients, which can help prevent complications of
peripheral artery disease after being done 2 times a week according to the SOP
with each movement being done 8 times.