Analisis Hasil Uji Kekerasan dan Kelenturan pada Material Komposit Serat Karbon Epoxy dengan Variasi Jumlah Lapisan dan Arah Serat Menggunakan Metode Vacuum Bagging untuk Material Body Pesawat

Saputra, Ivan Guntara Aji (2026) Analisis Hasil Uji Kekerasan dan Kelenturan pada Material Komposit Serat Karbon Epoxy dengan Variasi Jumlah Lapisan dan Arah Serat Menggunakan Metode Vacuum Bagging untuk Material Body Pesawat. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh jumlah lapisan dan arah serat karbon (0°/90° dan 45°/45°) terhadap sifat mekanik kekerasan dan kelenturan pada material komposit epoxy–carbon yang diproduksi dengan metode vacuum bagging untuk referensi material body pesawat. Variasi jumlah lapisan terdiri dari 2, 4, 6, dan 8 lapisan, dengan pengujian menggunakan metode Hardness Vickers (ASTM E92) dan uji lentur tiga titik (ASTM D790). Standar material komposit pada pesawat sesuai dengan standar penerbangan merujuk pada CMH-17 nilai kelenturan sekitar 600 MPa dan sesuai pada FAA AC 20-107B nilai kekerasan pada 50-70 HV. Pada hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah lapisan meningkatkan kekerasan namun menurunkan kelenturan. Nilai kekerasan tertinggi diperoleh pada 8 lapisan orientasi 45°/45° sebesar 249,8 HV dan 252,6 HV, sedangkan nilai kelenturan tertinggi terdapat pada 2 lapisan orientasi 0°/90° sebesar 293,17 MPa dan 186,36 MPa. Hubungan antara kekerasan dan kelenturan menunjukkan kecenderungan berbanding terbalik akibat peningkatan kekakuan dan sifat getas seiring bertambahnya lapisan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini masih belum memenuhi persyaratan komposit struktur body pesawat.

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This research analyzes the influence of carbon fiber layer count and fiber orientations (0°190° and 45°145°) on the mechanical properties• hardness and flexural strength-of epoxy-carbon composite materials produced using the vacuum bagging method for potential aircraft body applications. The variations in the number of layers include 2, 4, 6, and 8 layers, with mechanical testing conducted using the Vickers Hardness method (ASTM E92) and three-point bending tests (ASTM 0790). Composite material standards for aircraft structures, based on aviation guidelines, refer to CMH-17 with a flexural strength requirement of approximately 600 MPa and FAA AC
20-1078 specifying a hardness range of 50-70 HV. The findings of this study indicate that increasing the number of layers enhances hardness but decreases flexural strength. The highest hardness values were obtained in the 8-layer specimens with 45°145° orientation, measuring 249.8 HV and 252.6 HV, while the highest flexural strength was found in the 2-layer specimens with 0°190° orientation, at 293. 17 MPa and 186.36 MPa. The relationship between hardness and flexural strength shows an inverse trend due to increased stiffness and brittleness as the number of layers increases. Based on these results, the investigated composite configurations do not yet meet the material requirements for aircraft body structures.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords: kekerasan, vickers, kelenturan, komposit, serat karbon epoxy, vacuum bagging, body pesawat, hardness, vickers, flexural, composite, carbon fiber epoxy, vacuum bagging, aircraft body
Subjects: T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions: 08. Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Mesin
Depositing User: Ivan Guntara Aji Saputra
Date Deposited: 26 Jan 2026 03:14
Last Modified: 26 Jan 2026 03:14
URI: https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/10926

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