Perbandingan Uji Diagnostik Schirmer I Sebelum dan Sesudah Operasi Katarak Fakoemulsifikasi di RSUD Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Kota Mojokerto

Latar Belakang: Fakoemulsifikasi merupakan salah satu teknik operasi katarak modern dengan insisi kornea lebih kecil dibandingkan teknik konvensional, namun menyebabkan berbagai efek pada mata yaitu terjadinya sindrom mata kering (Dry Eye Syndrome). DES adalah penyakit multifaktorial pada air mata dan permukaan mata yang menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan pada mata dan mempengaruhi fungsi penglihatan, ketidakstabilan lapisan air mata dan kualitas hidup. Pemeriksaan DES dapat dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan tes schirmer I tanpa anestesi. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran dan menganalisis perbedaan produksi air mata sebelum dan sesudah operasi katarak fakoemulsifikasi. Metode: Analisis melalui studi observasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 68 orang dan diambil dengan consecutive sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil uji tes schirmer I tanpa anestesi pada pasien. Analisis data univariat dan bivariat dilakukan dengan statistic non parametrik wilcoxon. Hasil: Distribusi frekuensi pasien paling banyak diperoleh jenis kelamin perempuan dengan sampel sebanyak 37 orang (54,4%) dengan rata-rata usia pasien 62,09 tahun. Produksi air mata sebelum dan sesudah menunjukkan normal pada pasien sebanyak 5 orang, dan menunjukkan dry eye syndrome pada pasien sebanyak 63 orang. Uji statistik non parametrik wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai p=0,00 <0,05. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara operasi fakoemulsifikasi terhadap gejala mata kering.

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Background: Phacoemulsification is a modern cataract surgery technique with a smaller corneal incision compared to the conventional technique, but it causes various effects on the eye, such as the occurrence of dry eye syndrome (DES). DES is multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that causes discomfort in the eyes and affects visual function, tear film instability, and quality of life. DES can be diagnosed through the schirmer I test without anesthesia. Objective: To understand the profile and analyze the differences in tear production before and after phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Methods: The analysis was conducted through an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 68 participants were selected using consecutive sampling. The research data were obtained from the results of the schirmer I test without anesthesia on the patients. Univariate and bivariate data analysis was performed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon statistic. Results: The frequency distribution of patients showed that the majority were female, with 37 individuals (54,4%), and the average age of the patients was 62,09 years. Tear production before and after surgery showed normal results in 5 patients, while 63 patients exhibited dry eye syndrome. The non-parametric Wilcoxon statistical test showed a p-value of 0,00, which is <0,05. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between phacoemulsification surgery and dry eye symptoms.