Hubungan antara Tingkat Stres Akademik dengan Keinginan Perilaku Self-Harm pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Latar Belakang: Stres akademik merupakan kondisi yang sering dialami oleh mahasiswa kedokteran karena tingginya tuntutan akademik, beban studi, serta tekanan untuk mencapai prestasi optimal. Stres yang terus-menerus dan tidak diatasi dengan baik bisa memengaruhi kesehatan mental serta mendorong munculnya mekanisme koping maladaptif, salah satunya berupa keinginan perilaku self-harm. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara stres akademik dengan perilaku self-harm pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 211 mahasiswa aktif Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya tahun 2022 hingga 2024. Tingkat stres akademik diukur menggunakan Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ), sedangkan keinginan perilaku self-harm diukur menggunakan Self-Harm Inventory (SHI). Hasil: Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat didapatkan 45,5% mahasiswa mengalami stres sedang dan 5,2% memiliki perilaku self-harm ringan, 1,4% kecenderungan psikopatologis. Analisis bivariat antara stres akademik dengan perilaku self-harm menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan sig. p <0,05 pada dimensi Academic Related Stressor, Teaching Learning Related Stressor dan Social Related Stressor dengan perilaku self-harm. Sementara sig. p >0,05 pada dimensi Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Related Stressor dan Drive and Desire Related Stressor dengan perilaku self-harm. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa stres akademik berhubungan secara signifikan dengan keinginan perilaku self-harm pada mahasiswa kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya pada dimensi Academic Related Stressor, Teaching Learning Related Stressor dan Social Related Stressor. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya preventif dan promotif dalam pengelolaan stres akademik guna mendukung kesehatan mental mahasiswa.

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Background: Academic stress is a condition that is often experienced by medical students due to high academic demands, study load, and pressure to achieve optimal achievement. Constant stress that is not properly addressed can affect mental health and encourage the emergence of maladaptive coping mechanisms, one of which is the desire for self-harm behavior. Objective: This study was conducted to find out whether there is a relationship between academic stress and self-harm behavior in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya. Methods: This study used quantitative analytical research with a cross sectional design. The research subjects consisted of 211 active students of the Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya from 2022 to 2024. Academic stress levels were measured using the Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ), while self-harm behavior desires were measured using the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI). Results: Data analysis was carried out in univariate and 45.5% of students experienced moderate stress and 5.2% had mild self-harm behavior, 1.4% had psychopathological tendencies. A bivariate analysis of academic stress with self-harm behavior using the Spearman correlation test showed that sig. p <0.05 in the dimensions of Academic Related Stressor, Teaching Learning Related Stressor and Social Related Stressor with self-harm behavior. While sig. p >0.05 in the dimensions of Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Related Stressor and Drive and Desire Related Stressor with self-harm behavior. Conclusion: This study shows that academic stress is significantly related to the desire for self-harm behavior in medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya in the dimensions of Academic Related Stressor, Teaching Learning Related Stressor and Social Related Stressor. Therefore, preventive and promotive efforts are needed in managing academic stress to support students' mental health.