Identifikasi Pengalaman Nyeri Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur Femur Selama Perawatan

Pendahuluan: Nyeri pasca operasi fraktur femur merupakan masalah klinis yang memengaruhi kenyamanan, mobilitas, dan proses pemulihan pasien. Nyeri terjadi akibat luka pembedahan, inflamasi, dan trauma jaringan, serta dipengaruhi faktor fisik, psikologis, dan lingkungan. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi karakteristik nyeri pasca operasi dan stimulus yang memengaruhi tingkat nyeri pada pasien post operasi fraktur femur. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada dua pasien. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan pengukuran fisiologis. Penilaian nyeri menggunakan PQRST dan analisis stimulus berdasarkan Model Adaptasi Roy. Hasil: Kedua responden mengalami nyeri setelah efek anestesi hilang, bersifat terus-menerus, meningkat saat aktivitas, dan berkurang dengan istirahat serta analgesik. Responden 1 mengalami nyeri sedang (6/10), sedangkan responden 2 nyeri berat (8/10). Nyeri dipengaruhi oleh stimulus fokal, kontekstual, dan residual. Kesimpulan: Nyeri pasca operasi bersifat kompleks dan dipengaruhi berbagai faktor. Penatalaksanaan perlu disesuaikan secara individual dengan kombinasi terapi farmakologis dan nonfarmakologis.
Kata kunci: Nyeri, pasca operasi, fraktur femur, karakteristik nyeri, Model Adaptasi Roy

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Introduction: Postoperative pain following femur fracture surgery is a common clinical problem that affects patient comfort, mobility, and recovery. Pain arises from surgical wounds, inflammation, and tissue trauma, and is influenced by physical, psychological, and environmental factors. Objective: To identify the characteristics of postoperative pain and the stimuli influencing pain levels in patients after femur fracture surgery. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study with a case study approach involving two patients. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and physiological measurements. Pain characteristics were assessed using PQRST, and stimuli were analyzed based on Roy’s Adaptation Model. Results: Both respondents experienced pain after the effects of anesthesia subsided. The pain was continuous, increased with activity, and decreased with rest and analgesics. Respondent 1 reported moderate pain (6/10), while respondent 2 reported severe pain (8/10). Pain was influenced by focal, contextual, and residual stimuli. Conclusion: Postoperative pain is complex and varies among individuals. Pain management should be individualized using both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches.

Keywords: Pain, postoperative, femur fracture, pain characteristics, Roy’s Adaptation Model.