Analisis Rencana Anggaran Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan Struktur Beton Pembangunan Gedung Perkuliahan di Surabaya Menggunakan Harga Satuan Pokok Kegiatan (HSPK)

Perencanaan biaya merupakan aspek penting dalam pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi karena berpengaruh terhadap pengendalian anggaran, efisiensi pekerjaan, dan kewajaran nilai kontrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung ulang biaya pekerjaan struktur beton pada proyek pembangunan gedung perkuliahan di Surabaya menggunakan Harga Satuan Pokok Kegiatan (HSPK) yang dituangkan dalam Rencana Anggaran Pelaksanaan (RAP), serta menganalisis deviasi biaya terhadap kontrak eksisting. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, memanfaatkan data sekunder berupa Bill of Quantity (BOQ), volume pekerjaan struktur beton, dan harga satuan kontrak eksisting, serta data primer berupa hasil survei harga satuan dari toko dan distributor bahan bangunan, batching plant beton ready mix, penyedia jasa sewa alat berat, dan referensi harga daring di Surabaya. Biaya tiap kelompok pekerjaan dihitung menggunakan volume yang sama, kemudian hasil RAP berdasarkan HSPK dibandingkan dengan biaya kontrak eksisting untuk memperoleh nilai dan persentase deviasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total biaya pekerjaan struktur beton berdasarkan kontrak eksisting sebesar Rp28.821.172.000,00, sedangkan hasil perhitungan RAP menggunakan HSPK sebesar Rp33.884.112.000,00, sehingga terdapat deviasi biaya sebesar Rp5.062.940.000,00 atau 17,57% lebih tinggi. Deviasi nominal terbesar terjadi pada pekerjaan pelat lantai, diikuti balok dan dinding beton/shear wall, dipengaruhi oleh perubahan harga material, upah tenaga kerja, inflasi, perbedaan acuan harga, serta kebijakan standar harga pada tahun perhitungan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa HSPK dapat menjadi acuan pembanding dalam mengevaluasi kewajaran biaya pekerjaan konstruksi, khususnya struktur beton gedung bertingkat.

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Cost planning is a crucial aspect of construction project execution as it affects budget control, work efficiency, and the fairness of contract values. This study aims to recalculate the cost of concrete structure works in a lecture building construction project in Surabaya using the Basic Activity Unit Price (Harga Satuan Pokok Kegiatan / HSPK) outlined in the Construction Budget Plan (Rencana Anggaran Pelaksanaan / RAP), as well as to analyze the cost deviation against the existing contract. This study employs a descriptive quantitative method with a case study approach, utilizing secondary data comprising the Bill of Quantities (BOQ), concrete structure work volumes, and existing contract unit prices, along with primary data obtained from unit price surveys of building material stores and distributors, ready-mix concrete batching plants, heavy equipment rental providers, and online price references in Surabaya. The cost of each work group was calculated using the same volumes, and then the RAP results based on HSPK were compared with the existing contract costs to determine the deviation value and percentage difference. The results indicate that the total cost of concrete structure works based on the existing contract is IDR 28,821,172,000.00, whereas the RAP calculation using HSPK amounts to IDR 33,884,112,000.00, resulting in a cost deviation of IDR 5,062,940,000.00 or 17.57% higher. The largest nominal deviation occurred in floor slab works, followed by beam and concrete wall/shear wall works, influenced by changes in material prices, labor wages, inflation, differences in price benchmarks, and price standard policies in the calculation year. These findings demonstrate that HSPK can serve as a comparative reference in evaluating the fairness of construction work costs, particularly for concrete structure works in high-rise buildings.