Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Dialog Film Jodoh 3 Bujang Karya Afran Sabran: Kajian Tindak Tutur R. John Searle

Penelitian ini membahas tindak tutur ilokusi dalam dialog film Jodoh 3 Bujang karya Afran Sabran dengan menggunakan teori tindak tutur John R. Searle. Film bergenre drama komedi ini menampilkan berbagai interaksi sosial yang mengandung maksud, tujuan, dan fungsi komunikasi tertentu. Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan jenis tindak tutur ilokusi yang meliputi asertif, direktif, ekspresif, komisif, dan deklaratif. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa tuturan antartokoh dalam film Jodoh 3 Bujang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik simak dan catat dengan menyimak film secara berulang serta mentranskripsikan dialog. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh jenis tindak tutur ilokusi menurut Searle ditemukan dalam dialog film. Tuturan asertif mendominasi karena tokoh lebih banyak menyampaikan kondisi, pengalaman, keyakinan, dan pandangan mengenai pekerjaan, perjodohan, serta kehidupan keluarga. Konflik cerita berkembang melalui penyampaian kenyataan dan sudut pandang masing-masing tokoh. Selain itu, ditemukan tindak tutur direktif yang berfungsi memengaruhi lawan tutur melalui nasihat, permintaan, ajakan, dan larangan, terutama dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait pasangan hidup dan masa depan. Tindak tutur ekspresif tampak melalui ungkapan syukur, penyesalan, kebimbangan, kekecewaan, kasih sayang, dan kerinduan. Tindak tutur komisif menunjukkan komitmen tokoh terhadap janji dan tanggung jawab, sedangkan tindak tutur deklaratif menandai perubahan status sosial, seperti pernikahan dan penetapan jabatan. Dengan demikian, tindak tutur ilokusi dalam film berperan membangun alur cerita, memperjelas karakter tokoh, serta merepresentasikan nilai kekeluargaan, tanggung jawab, dan komitmen dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bahasa menjadi sarana penting pembentukan makna dan relasi antartokoh efektif.

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This study examines illocutionary speech acts in the dialogues of Jodoh 3 Bujang Film by Afran Sabran using John R. Searle’s speech act theory. This comedy-drama film features various social interactions that convey specific intentions, purposes, and communicative functions. The study aims to describe the types of illocutionary speech acts, which include assertive, directive, expressive, commissive, and declarative acts. The method used is qualitative descriptive. The research data consists of utterances between characters in Jodoh 3 Bujang Film. Data collection was conducted using the “listen and record” technique, involving repeated viewings of the film and the transcription of the dialogues. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data collection, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that all types of illocutionary speech acts according to Searle were found in the film’s dialogues. Assertive speech acts dominated because the characters primarily conveyed conditions, experiences, beliefs, and views regarding work, matchmaking, and family life. The story’s conflict unfolds through the presentation of facts and the perspectives of each character. In addition, directive speech acts are found that serve to influence the addressee through advice, requests, invitations, and prohibitions, particularly in decision-making regarding life partners and the future. Expressive speech acts are evident through expressions of gratitude, regret, indecision, disappointment, affection, and longing. Commissive speech acts demonstrate the characters’ commitment to promises and responsibilities, while declarative speech acts mark changes in social status, such as marriage and the assumption of office. Thus, illocutionary speech acts in the film serve to build the plot, clarify the characters’ personalities, and represent the values of family, responsibility, and commitment in community life. These findings indicate that the use of language is an important means of effectively shaping meaning and relationships among characters.
Keywords: Illocutionary Speech Acts, Pragmatics, John R. Searle, Jodoh 3 Bujang Film