Identifikasi Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Resilience pada Caregiver Lansia dengan Keterbatasan Aktivitas di Wilayah Puskesmas Rangkah Surabaya

Pendahuluan: Caregiver keluarga rentan mengalami beban asuhan (caregiver burden) dan stres emosional akibat minimnya pelatihan serta dukungan psikososial saat merawat lansia dengan keterbatasan fungsional. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan resilience sangat diperlukan agar caregiver mampu mengembangkan koping adaptif guna mengoptimalkan keberlanjutan perawatan. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi tingkat pengetahuan dan resilience pada caregiver lansia dengan keterbatasan aktivitas di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rangkah Surabaya. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif ini melibatkan populasi caregiver lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rangkah Surabaya. Sampel sebanyak 68 responden dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner tingkat pengetahuan dan kuesioner resilience caregiver. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil: Mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kategori baik, yaitu sebanyak 61 orang (89,7%), sedangkan 7 orang (10,3%) berada dalam kategori kurang. Pada variabel resilience, sebagian besar responden memiliki resilience kategori tinggi sebanyak 62 orang (91,3%), dan 6 orang (8,7%) memiliki resilience kategori sedang. Simpulan: Keterbatasan kemampuan dan minimnya dukungan edukasi serta psikososial berkontribusi pada tingginya beban perawatan dan risiko stres emosional caregiver. Meskipun mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan baik dan resilience tinggi, intervensi khusus yang berfokus pada pelatihan perawatan dasar dan penguatan psikologis tetap diperlukan secara berkelanjutan agar caregiver dapat beradaptasi dengan optimal.
Kata Kunci: Tingkat Pengetahuan, Resilience, Caregiver, Lansia, Keterbatasan Aktivitas.

==========================================================================================

Introduction: Family caregivers are vulnerable to caregiving burden and emotional distress due to the lack of training and psychosocial support when caring for the elderly with functional limitations. Enhancing knowledge and resilience is profoundly required to enable caregivers to develop adaptive coping strategies and optimize the continuity of care. Objective: To identify the levels of knowledge and resilience among caregivers of the elderly with activity limitations in the working area of Rangkah Public Health Center, Surabaya. Methods: This descriptive quantitative study involved the population of elderly caregivers in the working area of Rangkah Public Health Center, Surabaya. A sample of 68 respondents was selected utilizing a purposive sampling technique. The research instruments used were a caregiver knowledge level questionnaire and a caregiver resilience questionnaire. Data analysis was performed descriptively employing frequency and percentage distributions. Results: The majority of respondents possessed a good level of knowledge, accounting for 61 individuals (89.7%), while 7 individuals (10.3%) were in the poor category. Regarding the resilience variable, most respondents fell into the high resilience category, totaling 62 individuals (91.3%), and 6 individuals (8.7%) had moderate resilience. Conclusion: Limited capabilities along with the lack of educational and psychosocial support contribute to a high caregiving burden and the risk of caregiver emotional distress. Although the majority of respondents possessed good knowledge and high resilience, specific interventions focusing on basic care training and ongoing psychological strengthening remain necessary to ensure caregivers can adapt optimally.