Hubungan Peran Perawat dalam Management Kasus terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan Penularan Tuberkulosis Paru

Perilaku pencegahan penularan Tuberkulosis paru yang dilakukan penderita masih belum optimal, penyakit ini menjadi penyebab kesakitan serta kematian lebih dari satu juta jiwa setiap tahunnya. Peran perawat dalam management kasus meliputi edukasi, pengawasan DOTS, pemantauan efek samping, dan kunjungan rumah diperlukan untuk meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan penularan Tuberkulosis paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran perawat dalam management kasus, mengidentifikasi perilaku pencegahan, menganalisis hubungan peran perawat dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan perilaku pencegahan penularan, dan menganalisis hubungan peran perawat terhadap perilaku pencegahan penularan Tuberkulosis paru. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 115 pasien Tuberkulosis paru diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanah Kali Kedinding, Puskesmas Sidotopo Wetan, dan Puskesmas Tambak Wedi. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 89 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji Spearman Rank dan Chi Square. Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan antara peran perawat dengan pengetahuan (Ƿ=0.003: r=0.316). Terdapat hubungan antara peran perawat dengan sikap perilaku pencegahan (Ƿ=0.002). Terdapat hubungan antara peran perawat dengan tindakan perilaku pencegahan (Ƿ=0.001: r=0,423). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara peran perawat dalam management kasus terhadap perilaku pencegahan penularan Tuberkulosis (Ƿ =0.001: r=0,406) yang menunjukkan kekuatan hubungan sedang dengan arah hubungan positif. Sebagian besar responden menilai peran perawat dalam management kasus dalam kategori baik (66.3%), pengetahuan perilaku pencegahan dalam kategori baik (65.5%), sikap perilaku pencegahan dalam kategori positif (95.5%), dan tindakan perilaku pencegahan dalam kategori baik (66.3%).

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Pulmonary tuberculosis transmission prevention behaviors among patients remain suboptimal, and the disease causes illness and death in more than one million people each year. The role of nurses in case management, includes education, DOTS supervision, monitoring of medication side effects, and home visits, is essential for improving pulmonary tuberculosis transmission prevention behaviors. This study aimed to identify the role of nurses in case management, identify prevention behaviors, analyze the relationship between the role of nurses and patients’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and analyze the relationship between the role of nurses in case management and pulmonary tuberculosis transmission prevention behavior. This study employed an analytical correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 115 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the service areas of Tanah Kali Kedinding, Sidotopo Wetan, and Tambak Wedi Community Health Centers. The study sample consisted of 89 respondents selected using cluster random sampling. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation test and Chi-square tests. The results showed significant relationships between the nurse’s role and knowledge (p = 0.003; r = 0.316), attitudes (p = 0.002), and preventive practices (p = 0.001; r = 0.423). There was also a significant relationship between the nurse’s role in case management and pulmonary tuberculosis transmission prevention behavior (p = 0.001; r = 0.406). Most respondents rated the nurses’ role as good (66.3%), their knowledge of preventive behaviors as good (65.5%), their attitudes toward preventive behaviors as positive (95.5%), and their preventive behavioral actions as good (66.3%).