Analisis Kadar Logam Kadmium (Cd) pada Driver Ojek Online Perokok Aktif dan Pasif

Latar Belakang: Driver ojek online berisiko terpapar logam berat kadmium (Cd) akibat aktivitas kerja yang berlangsung lama di lingkungan lalu lintas padat dan paparan asap rokok. Kadmium dapat terakumulasi dalam tubuh, terutama pada ginjal, sehingga kadar kadmium dalam urin dapat digunakan sebagai biomarker paparan jangka panjang. Tujuan : Untuk menganalisis kadar logam kadmium (Cd) dalam urin pada driver ojek online perokok aktif dan pasif. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik pendekatan cross-sectional. Menggunakan Sampel 10 driver ojek online yang memenuhi kriteria, yaitu 5 perokok aktif dan 5 perokok pasif. Pemeriksaan kadar kadmium urin dilakukan menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom. Hasil: Kadar kadmium urin pada perokok aktif berkisar 0,0–5,4 µg/L dengan rerata 2,94 µg/L, dimana 60% responden memiliki kadar normal dan 40% melebihi nilai rujukan. Pada perokok pasif, kadar kadmium berkisar 0,0–1,2 µg/L dengan rerata 0,24 µg/L dan seluruh responden 100% memiliki kadar normal. Uji Shapiro–Wilk menunjukkan kedua kelompok perokok aktif dan pasif tidak berdistribusi normal, dilanjutkan uji Mann–Whitney menunjukkan nilai sebesar 0,126. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kadar kadmium urin antara driver ojek online perokok aktif dan pasif, meskipun rerata kadar kadmium pada perokok aktif lebih tinggi.

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Background: Online motorcycle taxi drivers are at risk of exposure to the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) due to prolonged work activities in congested traffic environments and exposure to cigarette smoke. Cadmium can accumulate in the body, particularly in the kidneys; therefore, urinary cadmium levels can serve as a biomarker for long-term exposure. Objective: To analyze urinary cadmium (Cd) levels in online motorcycle taxi drivers who are active smokers and passive smokers. Methods: This study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 10 online motorcycle taxi drivers meeting the inclusion criteria: 5 active smokers and 5 passive smokers. Urinary cadmium levels were measured using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method. Results: Urinary cadmium levels in active smokers ranged from 0.0 to 5.4 µg/L (mean: 2.94 µg/L), with 60% of respondents showing normal levels and 40% exceeding the reference value. Among passive smokers, cadmium levels ranged from 0.0 to 1.2 µg/L (mean: 0.24 µg/L), and 100% of respondents exhibited normal levels. The Shapiro-Wilk test indicated that neither the active nor passive smoker groups followed a normal distribution; a subsequent Mann-Whitney test yielded a value of 0.126. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in urinary cadmium levels between active and passive smoker online motorcycle taxi drivers, although the mean cadmium level was higher among active smokers.