Identifikasi Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR) Dermatophagoides sp. di Pondok Pesantren Madura Pamekasan

Tungau debu rumah (TDR) merupakan sumber aeroalergen penting yang berperan dalam timbulnya penyakit alergi, seperti rinitis alergi, asma, dan dermatitis atopik. Iklim tropis Indonesia dengan kelembapan tinggi mendukung kelangsungan hidup TDR, terutama di lingkungan padat hunian, ventilasi terbatas, dan kebersihan kurang terjaga. Pondok pesantren, dengan karakteristik kamar tidur bersama, berpotensi menjadi habitat ideal bagi TDR. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keberadaan Dermatophagoides sp. di kamar santri Pondok Pesantren Madura Pamekasan. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan total sampling terhadap 30 sampel kamar santriwati yang diambil menggunakan vacuum cleaner. Sampel diperiksa dengan metode flotasi menggunakan larutan NaCl jenuh dan diamati secara mikroskopis pada perbesaran 10× di Laboratorium Parasitologi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, periode Februari–Juni 2025. Hasil menunjukkan 8 kamar (26,7%) positif mengandung Dermatophagoides sp., sedangkan 22 kamar (73,3%) negatif. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun prevalensi TDR tidak tinggi, keberadaannya tetap menjadi potensi risiko kesehatan, terutama bagi santri dengan riwayat alergi. Upaya pencegahan meliputi peningkatan kebersihan lingkungan tidur, perbaikan sirkulasi udara, dan penerapan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) secara berkelanjutan untuk meminimalkan risiko paparan alergen.

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House dust mites (HDM) are a major source of aeroallergens involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Indonesia’s tropical climate, with high relative humidity, supports the survival of HDM, particularly in densely populated environments with poor ventilation and inadequate cleanliness. Islamic boarding schools, characterized by shared sleeping arrangements, provide an ideal habitat for HDM proliferation. This study aimed to identify the presence of Dermatophagoides sp. in student dormitories at an Islamic boarding school in Madura Pamekasan. A descriptive design was employed with total sampling of 30 mattress dust samples collected using a vacuum cleaner. Samples were examined using the flotation method with saturated NaCl solution and observed microscopically at 10× magnification at the Parasitology Laboratory, Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya, from February to June 2025. Results showed that 8 bedroom (26.7%) tested positive for Dermatophagoides sp., while 22 bedroom (73.3%) were negative. These findings indicate that although the prevalence of HDM was not high, its presence still poses a potential health risk, especially for students with a history of allergies. Preventive measures include improving sleeping environment hygiene, enhancing air circulation, and consistently applying clean and healthy living behaviors to minimize allergen exposure risks.