Asuhan Keperawatan Gangguan Memori pada Lansia Demensia di Panti Werda Hargo Dedali Surabaya

Demensia merupakan gangguan fungsi intelektual yang menyebabkan penurunan memori, keterampilan kognitif, dan perubahan perilaku, serta umumnya terjadi pada lansia usia di atas 60 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada bulan Mei 2026 di Panti Werdha Hargo Dedali Surabaya, didapatkan 10 dari 27 lansia mengalami demensia disertai gangguan memori. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan dan menerapkan asuhan keperawatan gangguan memori pada lansia demensia di Panti Werdha Hargo Dedali Surabaya.
Metode penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif dalam bentuk studi kasus melalui pendekatan asuhan keperawatan yang meliputi pengkajian, diagnosis, perencanaan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian melibatkan dua lansia berusia di atas 60 tahun yang mengalami demensia dengan masalah keperawatan gangguan memori.
Hasil penelitian selama tiga hari menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan memori dan orientasi pada kedua klien. Ny. E mulai mampu mengenali waktu, mengingat sebagian pengalaman masa lalu, dan berinteraksi dengan orang di sekitarnya, namun masih kesulitan mengingat beberapa informasi. Ny. L menunjukkan peningkatan memori yang lebih baik, ditandai dengan kemampuan mengingat identitas diri, pengalaman masa lalu, dan mengikuti sebagian besar gerakan senam otak, namun masih memerlukan bantuan dalam mempertahankan orientasi waktu.
Kesimpulan dari studi kasus ini, setelah dilakukan terapi kalender dan senam otak selama tiga hari, kedua klien mengalami peningkatan kemampuan memori dan orientasi, meskipun masalah gangguan memori masih teratasi sebagian.

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Dementia is a disorder of intellectual function causing a decline in memory and cognitive skills, as well as behavioral changes; it generally affects the elderly aged over 60. This research, which is conducted in May 2026 at Hargo Dedali nursing home, Surabaya, found that 10 out of 27 elderly residents suffered from dementia accompanied by memory impairment. The objective of this study was to describe and implement nursing care of memory impairment for elderly residents with dementia at Hargo Dedali nursing home, Surabaya.
The study employed a descriptive design in the form of a case study using a nursing care approach comprising assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques included interviews, observation, physical examinations, and documentation. The study involved two elderly individuals over the age of 60 who had dementia and presented with the nursing problem of memory impairment.
The results of this study, which were obtained over a three-day period showed improvements in memory and orientation capabilities for both clients. Mrs. E became able to recognize the time, recall some past experiences, and interact with those around her, although she still struggled to remember certain information. Then, Mrs. L demonstrated greater memory improvement, evidenced by her ability to recall her personal identity and past experiences and to follow most brain exercise movements, though she still required assistance in maintaining time orientation.
The conclusion of this case study is that, following three days of calendar therapy and brain exercises, both clients experienced improvements in memory and orientation, although the memory impairment issue was only partially resolved.