Resilience-based Islamic program as a promising intervention on diabetes fatigueand health-related quality of life

Psychological problems commonly experienced by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) cause diabetes fatigue conditions that can further worsen the treatment prognosis.
We conducted this investigation to determine the effectiveness of a resilience-based Islamic
program on diabetes fatigue and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by measuring the bio�chemical indicators of T2DM. This was a quasi-experimental study performed from May to
August 2021, in which 80 respondents aged 18–64 years diagnosed with T2DM were
included through purposive sampling at a male:female sex ratio of 1:1 in the control group
and 17:23 in the treatment group. A resilience-based Islamic program (a combination of
stress management, mindfulness, prayer, and dhikr (the ritual formula of Sufi brotherhood
recited devotionally in praise of Allah and as a means of attaining ecstatic experience)) was
implemented in the treatment group for six sessions by blended online and offline interven�tions. Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 and World Health Organization Quality of Life,
Brief Form were used to evaluate diabetes fatigue and HRQoL. Blood tests were performed
to measure HbA1c, total antioxidant serum, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels from
baseline to 3 months. Statistical analyses were conducted using paired t test, Wilcoxon
signed-rank test, independent t test, and Mann–Whitney U test. The resilience-based
Islamic program had a beneficial impact on the levels of HbA1c (p < 0.001), lipid profile (tri�glyceride) (p = 0.011), HDL-c (p = 0.01), LDL-c (p < 0.001), total antioxidant serum (p =
0.001), insulin (p < 0.001), diabetes fatigue (p < 0.05), and HRQoL (p < 0.05) in patients of
the treatment group. The results of biochemical tests related to T2DM also indicated a
reduction in diabetes fatigue and an increase in HRQoL due to the resilience-based Islamic
program. Considering that a patient’s resilience to diabetes is an important factor in the management of diabetes fatigue, the resilience-based Islamic program can be applied at
public health centers and community levels to increase T2DM resilience.