Relationship of Age, Body Mass Index, and Gravida in Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia in Muhammadiyah Hospital Surabaya

Background/aim: Preeclampsia is one of the causes of increased maternal mortality. The rate in East Java Province reached 91 per 100,000 live births. The highest cause of maternal death in 2016 was preeclampsia/eclampsia, which was 30.90% or 165 people. This study aims to determine the relationship of age, body mass index (BMI), and gravida to pregnant women who have preeclampsia at Muhammadiyah Hospital in Surabaya. Materials and Methods: This case-control study uses a total sampling obtained 210 pregnant women, as many as 105 preeclampsia pregnant women and 105 normal pregnant women. Results: The results of bivariate statistical tests found that age, BMI is a risk factor for the incidence of preeclampsia (p: 0.039; p: 0.002), and gravida has no relationship (p: 0.410). Differ with the multivariate test; there was an influence of age 36-45 years on the incidence of preeclampsia with a risk of 4.060 times compared to the age of 20-35 years, obese affected with a risk of 4.696 times compared to a healthy weight and gravida influencing with a risk of 2,099 times experiencing preeclampsia. Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, BMI, and gravida in preeclampsia at Muhammadiyah Hospital in Surabaya.