Characteristics of patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever and its relationship with the prevalence of dengue shock syndrome in children

Introduction: Many dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
cases tend to increase from year to year. This study
aims to determine DHF patients’ characteristics and
determine their relationship with the prevalence of
Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) throughout children.
Methods: This was a retrospective study using
secondary data from medical records at Siti Khodijah
Hospital, Indonesia, from 2012 to 2016.
Results: Among 963 patients, most patients were in
the 5-13 years group (72.4 %), balanced male and
female, at good nutritional status (71.8 %), the parental
education 74.7 % of high school students. The history of dengue fever before was 2.5 %, and those with
multiple infections were 17.8 %. The lowest platelet
value of 41.4 % in the range 5x104-1 x105, followed
by a range of 2x104-<5x104 of 30.8 %, the percentage
increase in hematocrit (HCT) in the range 1-10 %
(41.1 %), 11-<20 % (29.9 %) and ≥20 % by 27.3 %.
The discharge status was 97.7 % cured, 1.5 % died,
and 0.8 % referred. The diagnosis of non-shock DHF
was 83.7 % and 16.2 % DHF with shock. There were
significant correlation in children’s characteristics with
DHF with prevalence of DSS including nutritional
status (p=0.001), parental education (p=0.036),
history of dengue fever (p=0.001), platelet value
(p=0.001), the percent increase in HCT (p=0.001),
and discharge status (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Nutritional status, parental education,
history of DHF, lowest platelet value, the percent increase in hematocrit value, and the patient’s
discharge status were associated with the prevalence
of DSS.