Studi Kasus Fungsi Kognitif pada Lansia di Panti Werdha Hargodedali Surabaya

Pendahuluan: Penuaan merupakan proses alami yang sering disertai penurunan fungsi kognitif, yang memengaruhi daya ingat, konsentrasi, bahasa, dan kemampuan sosial lansia. Kondisi ini dapat menurunkan kemandirian serta kualitas hidup, terutama pada lansia yang tinggal di panti werdha dengan keterbatasan stimulasi mental maupun sosial. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan fungsi kognitif lansia di Panti Werdha Hargodedali Surabaya. Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Subjek terdiri dari dua lansia berusia di atas 80 tahun. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan pemeriksaan menggunakan instrumen Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Ny. T 87 tahun, riwayat pekerjaan sebagai guru, pendidikan terakhir S1 dengan total skor MMSE 30 masuk dalam kategori fungsi kognitif normal, dan Tn. F 82 tahun, riwayat pekerjaan sebagai pegawai balai kota, pendidikan terakhir SMP dengan total skor 25 masuk dalam kategori gangguan fungsi kognitif ringan. Hasil fungsi kognitif pada penelitian ini mempuyai hasil yang berbeda dengan penelitian lain dari segi karakteristik lansia itu sendiri. Kesimpulan: Fungsi kognitif pada lansia dengan kategori old terdapat fungsi kognitif normal dan gangguan kognitif ringan, sehingga diperlukan adanya aktivitas kognitif dan kegiatan sosial yang bisa diterapkan di panti werdha agar melatih kognitif lansia.
Kata Kunci: lansia, fungsi kognitif, MMSE, panti werdha, studi kasus

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Introduction: Aging is a natural process that is often accompanied by a decline in cognitive function, which affects memory, concentration, language, and social abilities of the elderly. This condition can reduce independence and quality of life, especially in elderly living in nursing homes with limited mental and social stimulation. Objective: This study aims to identify the characteristics and cognitive functions of elderly in the Hargodedali Nursing Home, Surabaya. Method: The research design used a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Subjects consisted of two elderly people aged over 80 years. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and examinations using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) instrument. Results: The results showed that Mrs. T, 87 years old, with a work history as a teacher, with a bachelor's degree with a total MMSE score of 30, was included in the normal cognitive function category, and Mr. F, 82 years old, with a work history as a city hall employee, with a junior high school education with a total score of 25, was included in the mild cognitive impairment category. The results of cognitive function in this study have different results from other studies in terms of the characteristics of the elderly themselves. Conclusion: Cognitive function in the elderly category includes normal cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment. Therefore, cognitive and social activities that can be implemented in nursing homes are needed to train the elderly's cognitive abilities.
Keywords: elderly, cognitive function, MMSE, nursing homes, case study