Analisis Pengaruh Angka Oktan Bahan Bakar terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin dan Emisi Gas Buang Mobil Mitsubishi Xpander

Yuliastri, Artika (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Angka Oktan Bahan Bakar terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin dan Emisi Gas Buang Mobil Mitsubishi Xpander. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

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Abstract

Upaya pengendalian pencemaran udara dari sektor transportasi dilakukan melalui penerapan regulasi emisi kendaraan bermotor, yang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh pemilihan angka oktan (Research Octane Number/RON) bahan bakar. Angka oktan menentukan efisiensi proses pembakaran, yang berdampak pada unjuk kerja mesin serta emisi gas buang.
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh angka oktan bahan bakar terhadap unjuk kerja mesin dan emisi gas buang pada mobil Mitsubishi Xpander tahun 2018. Variasi bahan bakar yang digunakan meliputi Pertalite (RON 90), Pertamax (RON 92), Pertamax Green (RON 95), dan Pertamax Turbo (RON 98). Metode penelitian menggunakan eksperimen kuantitatif dengan pendekatan one-factor experiment, dengan angka oktan sebagai variabel bebas. Variabel terikat meliputi unjuk kerja mesin (torsi, daya, konsumsi bahan bakar, specific fuel consumption, dan efisiensi termal) serta emisi gas buang.
Pengujian dilakukan di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pengujian Kendaraan Bermotor Kabupaten Malang pada rentang putaran mesin 800–5500 rpm menggunakan gas analyzer , dynometer tester dan speedometer tester yang telah terkalibrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan angka oktan bahan bakar meningkatkan unjuk kerja mesin dan menurunkan emisi gas buang. Pertamax Turbo menghasilkan torsi dan daya tertinggi, efisiensi termal terbesar (34,1%), serta konsumsi bahan bakar paling efisien dengan jarak tempuh 17,9 km/L. Sebaliknya, Pertalite menunjukkan performa terendah dengan efisiensi termal 17,4% dan jarak tempuh 14,3 km/L. Dari sisi emisi, bahan bakar beroktan lebih tinggi menghasilkan emisi gas buang yang lebih rendah dan stabil. Dengan demikian, penggunaan bahan bakar beroktan tinggi pada mobil Mitsubishi Xpander mampu meningkatkan kinerja mesin sekaligus menurunkan emisi gas buang berbahaya.

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Efforts to control air pollution from the transportation sector are carried out through the implementation of motor vehicle emission regulations, which are influenced, among other things, by the choice of fuel octane number (Research Octane Number/RON). Octane number determines the efficiency of the combustion process, which impacts engine performance and exhaust emissions.

This study aims to analyze the effect of fuel octane rating on engine performance and exhaust emissions in a 2018 Mitsubishi Xpander. The fuels used included Pertalite (RON 90), Pertamax (RON 92), Pertamax Green (RON 95), and Pertamax Turbo (RON 98). The research method used a quantitative experiment with a one-factor experiment approach, with octane rating as the independent variable. The dependent variables included engine performance (torque, power, fuel consumption, specific fuel consumption, and thermal efficiency) and exhaust emissions.

Testing was conducted at the Malang Regency Motor Vehicle Testing Technical Implementation Unit at engine speeds ranging from 800 to 5500 rpm using a gas analyzer, a dynometer tester, and a calibrated speedometer tester. The results showed that increasing the fuel octane rating improved engine performance and reduced exhaust emissions. Pertamax Turbo produced the highest torque and power, the highest thermal efficiency (34.1%), and the most efficient fuel consumption with a mileage of 17.9 km/L. In contrast, Pertalite demonstrated the lowest performance, with a thermal efficiency of 17.4% and a mileage of 14.3 km/L. In terms of emissions, higher octane fuels produce lower and more stable exhaust emissions. Therefore, the use of high-octane fuel in the Mitsubishi Xpander can improve engine performance while reducing harmful exhaust emissions.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords: oktan, unjuk kerja, Torsi, daya, emisi, CO, HC
Subjects: T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions: 08. Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Mesin
Depositing User: Artika Yuliastri
Date Deposited: 26 Jan 2026 09:07
Last Modified: 26 Jan 2026 09:07
URI: https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/10934

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