Identitas dan Kebingungan Peran Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Argantara Karya Falistiyana: Tinjauan Psikososial Erik Erikson

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan unsur-unsur intrinsik yang membangun dimensi psikososial, unsur-unsur ekstrinsik yang membangun dimensi psikososial, serta kepribadian tokoh utama dalam novel Argantara karya Falistiyana berdasarkan tahap perkembangan identitas versus kebingungan peran menurut teori psikososial Erik Erikson. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian berupa novel Argantara karya Falistiyana. Data penelitian berupa kata, frasa, kalimat, dialog, dan narasi yang berkaitan dengan dimensi psikososial tokoh utama. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik baca dan catat, sedangkan teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unsur intrinsik yang membangun dimensi psikososial dalam novel meliputi tema, alur, tokoh dan penokohan, serta latar. Unsur-unsur tersebut mendukung penggambaran konflik dan perkembangan psikososial tokoh utama. Unsur ekstrinsik yang membangun dimensi psikososial meliputi kondisi psikologis tokoh, lingkungan keluarga, lingkungan sosial, serta nilai-nilai sosial yang memengaruhi kehidupan tokoh. Kepribadian tokoh utama ditunjukkan melalui konflik batin, tuntutan sosial, dan pencarian jati diri. Berdasarkan teori psikososial Erik Erikson, tokoh utama berada pada tahap identitas versus kebingungan peran (identity versus role confusion), yang terlihat dari kebingungan dalam menerima peran sebagai individu dewasa, tekanan dari lingkungan keluarga, serta upaya menemukan identitas diri di tengah berbagai tuntutan sosial. Seiring perkembangan cerita, tokoh utama mulai menunjukkan penerimaan terhadap peran dan tanggung jawabnya sehingga mengarah pada pembentukan identitas yang lebih matang.

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This study aims to describe the intrinsic elements that build the psychosocial dimension, the extrinsic elements that build the psychosocial dimension, and the personality of the main character in Felistiyana's novel Argantara based on the stages of identity development versus role confusion according to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research data source is Falistiyana's novel Argantara. The research data consist of words, phrases, sentences, dialogues, and narratives related to the psychosocial dimension of the main character. Data collection techniques were conducted using reading and note-taking, while data analysis techniques were conducted through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the intrinsic elements that build the psychosocial dimension in the novel include theme, plot, characters and characterization, and setting. These elements support the depiction of conflict and the psychosocial development of the main character. Extrinsic elements that build the psychosocial dimension include the character's psychological condition, family environment, social environment, and social values that influence the character's life. The main character's personality is demonstrated through internal conflict, social demands, and the search for identity. Based on Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, the main character is in the identity versus role confusion stage, which is evident in the confusion in accepting the role of an adult, pressure from the family environment, and the attempt to find self-identity amidst various social demands. As the story progresses, the main character begins to show acceptance of his role and responsibilities, leading to the formation of a more mature identity.